Extra Credit: Which toxins specifically can cause an elevated anion gap? (up to 2 points)

The physician wants to liberate a patient from a ventilator. Which of the following parameters obtained by the respiratory therapist indicate liberation will most likely be successful?

What is the problem seen on the following waveform?

Your patient is on BiPAP with the following settings: IPAP 12cmH2O, EPAP 6cmH2O. Blood gas results are as follows: pH- 7.35, PaCO2 – 46, PaO2 – 72. What, if any changes do want to make?

The most reliable methos of determining whether the lungs of a patient receiving mechanical ventilation are getting stiffer and harder to ventilate is by measuring the:  

Identify the problem with the following waveform:

When would you consider using permissive hypercapnia?

You have been asked to perform a NIF and a MEP on your patient to determine if they can be successfully weaned from the ventilator.  List the minimally acceptable values for each of these measurements and why these are important measurements:   MIP/NIF:   MEP:   Why:

Which of the following strategies can be used to promote optimum oxygenation?

A patient has arrived in the ED in severe distress due to an MVA. As their condition deteriorates, they begin to cough up blood. Intubation is necessary. You learn the patient is 80kg and are asked to initiate mechanical ventilation.  What settings will you implement? Select appropriate settings including mode, and the 3 settings in that mode.  Then include PEEP and FiO2 (1/2 point each – 3 points) Use exact values based on weight! Mode: Additional settings:                            PEEP:                                          FiO2: