When a deformed bar is loaded for the first time, the adhesion and friction are quickly lost, leaving the bond to be transferred by _______.

A beam is singly reinforced with the reinforcement in two rows. The bottom row contains 9 No. 5 bars at a depth of 20 in. The top row contains 5 No. 5 bars at a depth of 15.5 in. Determine the effective (centroidal) depth, d, of the steel.

For economy, some of the bars can be terminated or cutoff where they are no longer needed.

44. Put the verb in parentheses correctly in the present tense. ô  é  è  ê  ë  à  â  ç  ï  î  ù  û  û  œ Vous (étudier) [1] en France ?

85. What is the verb that best fits the sentence below ? Tu [1]  les maths.

The actual size of a hook in a hooked anchorage is frequently critical in detailing a structure.

Determine the size modification factor, ψs, for a rectangular beam with b = 17 in. and d = 21 in., five uncoated No. 7 Grade 60 tension-reinforcement bars placed in the bottom of the beam, and No. 4 Grade 40 stirrups located every 10 in. along the span. Assume 8,000-psi lightweight concrete and a clear cover of 1.75 in.

A rectangular beam has a cross section of b = 18 in., h = 22 in., and d = 19.5 in. It is reinforced with four No. 8 Grade 60 bars. The concrete strength is 8,800 psi (normal weight). The beam has Grade 60 No. 3 stirrups. Determine the cracking moment, Mcr.

Members subjected to _______ may develop vertical cracks that extend approximately to the zero-strain axis (neutral axis) of the member.

79. Fill in the translations below. ô  é  è  ê  ë  à  â  ç  ï  î  ù  û  û  œ a selfish (female) student = une [1] [2]