A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with excruciating headaches. He describes the pain as unilateral and located around his eye, often accompanied by tearing, nasal congestion, and restlessness during the attacks. The headaches occur frequently, with daily episodes lasting 15 minutes to 3 hours, lasting several weeks to months. The patient reports a history of similar episodes occurring around the same time every year. Physical examination reveals ptosis and miosis on the affected side. Based on this clinical presentation, what is the most likely diagnosis?

In a patient presenting with tenderness and swelling in the small joints of both hands, along with several weeks of fatigue and malaise, and with a negative rheumatoid factor (RF) test result, what would be the subsequent course of action for the primary care provider?

Which thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level indicates hyperthyroidism?

In a young adult woman who has been attempting to conceive for more than 6 months without success, the patient reports a history of irregular periods since the onset of menarche. The provider observes that the woman is overweight, exhibits acanthosis nigricans, and has excessive hair distribution. What is the leading suspected primary cause of these symptoms according to the provider?

Which laboratory tests may help distinguish systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from other systemic rheumatologic disorders?

A patient has euvolemic hyponatremia secondary to chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and is hospitalized for fluid replacement. When preparing to discharge the patient home, what will be included in teaching?

What is the probable course of treatment for an elderly patient who is brought to the emergency department following a fall, displaying unilateral facial drooping, significant speech impairment, and paralysis on one side of the body, while also having a blood pressure reading of 220/190 mm Hg?

In the case of a patient who suffers from recurrent cluster headaches and seeks information regarding abortive therapy, which treatment is generally effective for the majority of patients with cluster headaches?

Which drug is used to treat patients with focal epilepsy and complex partial seizures?

A 32-year-old patient presents to your clinic complaining of recurrent headaches over the past few months. The headaches are described as a constant, pressing or tightening sensation, often described as a “band around the head.” The pain is mild to moderate in intensity and occurs bilaterally. There is no associated nausea or vomiting, and the patient does not experience sensitivity to light or sound. The headaches tend to worsen as the day progresses and are usually relieved with over-the-counter pain medications. The patient reports no significant medical history, and a physical examination is unremarkable. Based on this clinical presentation, what is the most likely diagnosis?