For the following questions use this figure of the spinal cord where the left/right sides and dorsal/ventral aspects are separated into four quadrants: A-D.  (A and B are DORSAL and A and C are on the RIGHT side of the body) As a neurologist, you see a patient who was hit by a car and has lost PAIN/TEMPERATURE sensation from the LEFT side of the body AT and BELOW the level of the injury.  Which spinal quadrant do you believe has been damaged?

If D1 MSNs are activated… (select all that apply)

Vestibular hair cells share which of the following structures in common with auditory hair cells? (select all that apply)

In the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway, the 1sy synapse for  DRG neurons carrying touch from the knee would be in the  (do not consider synapses for reflexes)  

An unconscious person may have suffered brain damage.  In the emergency room, the person is laid on a bed, their head is propped up at a 30 deg. angle and WARM water is put into the RIGHT ear.  What response would you exact if the person had damage to the medial longitudinal fasciculus?

A growing DRG neuron carrying pain sensation will respond to which neurotrophin?

A random mutation in hair cells’ voltage-gated calcium (Ca 2+) channels has just been discovered in a certain population. What is most likely to occur IF these calcium channels are NOT opening as demonstrated under normal physiological conditions? (select all that apply)

A scientist creates a mouse model with dysfunctional cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). Which of the following would be affected in this model? (select all that apply)

BONUS question worth 1 point.  Points will be added after the exam closes. The olfactory NERVE (cranial nerve 1)…  

Which of the following are true regarding on-bipolar cells? (select all that apply)