In pipe welding, the alignment of the outside diameter is more important than alignment of the inside diameter. 

When welding socket joints, the end of the pipe should fit tightly against the bottom of the socket. 

Pipe jack stands usually have either a V-head or a roller head that can be adjusted according to the pipe diameter. 

Which of the following tools should never be made in your home shop or in the field? 

A welder who qualifies in one position automatically qualifies to weld in all positions. 

Excessive root reinforcement on the interior of pipe: 

Which of the following is true about clamping small-diameter pipes? 

The best way to attach a strongback to the weldment is to: 

A qualification test measures the welder’s ability to make _____ and _____ welds in different positions. 

Tools such as clamps and strongbacks can be used to ________ distortion.