Sentinel events are significant negative outcomes that may reveal underlying weaknesses within a criminal justice system and indicate the need for reform.

Decriminalization eliminates all laws and penalties associated with a particular behavior.

Ethnocentrism refers to the belief that one’s own culture or social group is inherently superior to others.

Security threat groups may disrupt prison order, threaten staff and inmates, and contribute to institutional violence.

Human smuggling generally involves individuals who voluntarily cooperate with smugglers in order to cross borders illegally.

The Pennsylvania System emphasized rehabilitation through solitary confinement and reflection, whereas the Auburn System relied on congregate labor conducted under conditions of silence.

Direct-supervision jails generally increase inmate violence because correctional officers have less contact with inmates.

Drug courts provide judicially supervised treatment alternatives for certain substance-abusing offenders and are designed to reduce recidivism.

A sleep time of 15.9 hours per day for a koala bear is at the 10th percentile of sleep times for all koala bears. Assuming the distribution is normal with a standard deviation of 0.5 hour, approximately what is the mean sleep time, in hours per day, for koalas?

Europol serves as a cooperative law enforcement organization that assists member states of the European Union.