A / An________ reinforcer is innately satisfying, and it does not require any learning on the organism’s part to make it pleasurable.

I have reviewed the materials provided on the importance of using citations and references. I understand that plagiarism is any action which represents the work of others as my own, including copying and improper citation. Clicking “Yes” below indicates your full understanding and agreement with the statements above. If you have any questions, please contact your instructor immediately.  

Instructions: You have 1 hour to complete the exam.  This is a closed book and closed notes exam. Only a physical scientific calculator is allowed. No graphing calculators, electronic devices, books, notes, or other reference materials are permitted during the exam. You may only use a pen or pencil and blank scratch paper. Write all answers clearly in the space provided and show all necessary work to receive full credit. If you need additional space or prefer to write your solutions on separate sheets, you may do so. In that case, clearly label each sheet with your name and the corresponding question number. After completing the questions, scan your solutions and upload them to Canvas as a SINGLE .pdf file. You may use your phone to scan your work. Then, either share the file with your computer or email it to yourself in order to upload it. Ensure that all pages are legible, properly ordered, and clearly labeled with your name. Now you can start. Sample Exam.pdf  

Which of the following is the significant lipid component of the cell walls of acid-fast bacteria?

The new strand of nucleotides formed during DNA replication is called the _____ strand.

DNA size is identified by the number of base pairs (bp). A 100 bp DNA fragment and a 200 bp DNA fragment are separated by gel electrophoresis. Which band should be farther from the wells?

Using the Genetic Code table above translate the mRNA and chose the corresponding amino acid sequence.   mRNA: CAG – CAA – UUG – CUC – GAU  

The first step in DNA isolation is called ________Blank. It refers to the process of releasing DNA from the cells.

________ is defined as the use of living organisms to perform a task that benefits humans and other living organisms. 

Bonus Question 1 pt. What phylum does this animal belong to?