What does a heave or lift observed during inspection of the anterior chest indicate? 

Read the passage below. Answer the True – False statements that follow.      During the late 1800s, the establishment of cities made possible many kinds of social and leisure activity. From 1865 to 1885, the numbers of breweries in Massachusetts quadrupled. It is only a slight exaggeration to say that in crowded urban centers there was a saloon on every corner; during the last third of the century, the number of saloons in the country tripled. Saloons were strictly male working-class institutions, usually decorated with pictures and other mementos of sports heroes, the bar perhaps under the charge of a retired boxer.      For working men, the saloon was a kind of club, a place to meet friends, exchange news and gossip, gamble, and eat, as well as to drink beer and whiskey. Saloons also flourished because factory owners and other employers of large numbers of workers tended to forbid the consumption of alcohol on their premises. In addition, there was the gradual reduction of the workday, which left men with more free time.      The postwar era saw the first important development of spectator (public) sports, again because cities provided the concentrations of population necessary to support them. Curious relations developed between the upper and working classes from competitive sports. Professional boxing offers an example. It was in a sense a hobby of the rich, who sponsored favorite gladiators, offered prizes, and often wagered large sums on the matches. But the audiences were made up overwhelmingly of young working class males, from whose ranks most of the fighters emerged. The gambling and also the brutality of the bloody, bare handed fights cause many communities to outlaw boxing, a fact that added to the sport. Carnes & Garraty, p. 518   The tone of the passage is objective and neutral.

A patient reports abdominal pain 2 to 3 hours after eating that is relieved by consuming more food. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A therapist is called to the labor and delivery room to assist in the resuscitation of a 32-week newborn.  What FIO2 should be used to coordinate ventilation and chest compressions?

A patient reports, “My back pain comes and goes, and it feels like a dull ache.” Which components of the OLDCARTS framework are addressed in this statement? 

The nurse is assessing the pupillary response to light and accommodation for a patient who sustained a minor concussion. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use? (Select all that apply)  

Read the following passage and complete the questions that follow.      Two voyages at the turn of the sixteenth century laid the foundations for the Portuguese Empire in America and the Orient. In 1497, Vasco da Gama (1469 – 1524) left Lisbon, Portugal, in four ships, rounding the Cape of Good Hope after 93 days on the open sea. While visiting and raiding the East African ports, da Gama picked up an Arab pilot, who brought the fleet across the Indian Ocean to Calcutta, on the western coast of India. When he returned to Lisbon in 1499, da Gama had lost two ships and a third of his men, but his cargo of pepper and cinnamon returned the cost of the expedition 60 times over.      Shortly afterward Pero Cabral (1468 – 1520), commanding a large fleet on a second voyage to India, bore too far west and sighted the east coast of Brazil. The new western territory was so unpromising that it was left unoccupied until 1532, when a small settlement was established at Sao Vicente. In the 1540s it had attracted only some 2000 settlers, mostly men, although a few Portuguese women came after the arrival of the lord protector’s wife and her retinue in 1535. The colony served mostly as a place to send convicts in the sixteenth century. By 1600, it had only 25,000 European residents. Brummett, et. al, Civilization Past and Present, 9th ed. 2000.   From the information given in the second paragraph, we can conclude that

Consequences of Global Warming      The world has experienced a temperature rise of about 0.6 degrees Celsius in the past century. This change may sound minor, and on a local or regional basis, it is. However, on a global scale, an increase of more than 2 degrees Celsius would be enough to melt polar ice and raise sea levels significantly. Scientists have already detected noticeable reductions in the polar ice caps. Unless massive dikes were built against rising oceans, rising sea levels could, by the end of the 21st century, flood coastal areas, many of which are environmentally sensitive and heavily populated. New York, Miami, and Los Angeles could all be under water. In addition to flooding, a warming trend might alter patterns of global rainfall and farming. For instance, the grain belts of the central United States and central Asia might become much drier and unable to support the crops currently grown there. Furthermore, forested areas in semiarid zones could lose their trees and become deserts.      Overall, large amounts of habitat would be altered by rapid global warming, and in many cases, these changes could seriously impair efforts to reduce species loss. For instance, warming by 2 degrees Celsius would probably be intolerable for many species found in high-mountain areas. One computer model predicts that nearly 60% of the species of small mammals presently inhabiting mountain peaks in the Great Basin in the western United States could be lost because they would be unable to migrate to colder areas. A growing body of research has found numerous species already struggling to adapt to warmer temperatures: A spotted butterfly in California has changed its migration patterns, songbirds on the East Coast are losing habitat, and penguin populations are shrinking as seas warm up and food sources change. Similarly, global warming will probably have a serious impact on biodiversity in reserves and other areas that are currently protected. Alterations in these habitats may make them uninhabitable for many threatened species whose survival depends on them.      At present, the growing body of research into global warming has led scientists to acknowledge the rapid onset of climate change. The ongoing impacts and future implications of global warming have become one of the top environmental issues investigated. Some researchers have already called for drastic cuts in the use of fossil fuels to slow temperature increases.      On the other hand, some researchers, business leaders, and government officials call for more data before any conclusions are reached about whether the atmospheric increases are mainly from human sources and whether the increases have actually caused the temperature rise. Skeptics point out that Earth has a long history of severe climate shifts, none of which was caused by humans. Others raise the possibility that smoke and increased cloud cover from fossil fuel consumption and deforestation may decrease warming by reducing the amount of solar heat that reaches Earth’s surface. Despite these uncertainties, however, a majority of scientists and world leaders have concluded that immediate steps to slow the warming trend are necessary to prevent catastrophic global change. Campbell, Reece et al., Biology, Concepts & Connections, 4th ed., 2003.   Which sentence best states the main idea of paragraph 2?

Read the following passage and complete the questions that follow.      Two voyages at the turn of the sixteenth century laid the foundations for the Portuguese Empire in America and the Orient. In 1497, Vasco da Gama (1469 – 1524) left Lisbon, Portugal, in four ships, rounding the Cape of Good Hope after 93 days on the open sea. While visiting and raiding the East African ports, da Gama picked up an Arab pilot, who brought the fleet across the Indian Ocean to Calcutta, on the western coast of India. When he returned to Lisbon in 1499, da Gama had lost two ships and a third of his men, but his cargo of pepper and cinnamon returned the cost of the expedition 60 times over.      Shortly afterward Pero Cabral (1468 – 1520), commanding a large fleet on a second voyage to India, bore too far west and sighted the east coast of Brazil. The new western territory was so unpromising that it was left unoccupied until 1532, when a small settlement was established at Sao Vicente. In the 1540s it had attracted only some 2000 settlers, mostly men, although a few Portuguese women came after the arrival of the lord protector’s wife and her retinue in 1535. The colony served mostly as a place to send convicts in the sixteenth century. By 1600, it had only 25,000 European residents. Brummett, et. al, Civilization Past and Present, 9th ed. 2000.   The thesis of the whole reading is located in which sentence?

A patient with heart failure is assessed for pre-tibial edema. The nurse notes a very deep indentation lasting over a minute, with grossly swollen and distorted legs. What is the correct grade for this finding?