A 62-year-old male presents to your clinic with concern for shortness of breath. He describes the sensation as “tightness in the chest” that began gradually over the past three weeks. The dyspnea worsens with exertion and improves with rest. He rates the intensity as 6 out of 10 and denies wheezing, cough, or fever. He has a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia but no known pulmonary disease.  Which of the following symptom dimensions is least helpful in narrowing the differential diagnosis for this patient’s dyspnea?

A 26-year-old woman with no prior history of pulmonary disease presents with tachypnea and reports a sensation of “not getting enough air.” She denies fever, cough, or sputum production. On physical examination, breath sounds are clear bilaterally, without wheezing, rhonchi or crackles and there are no signs of increased respiratory effort or pulmonary infection. What initial diagnostic test should the APRN consider to further evaluate this presentation?

Your next patient is a 56-year-old, returning to clinic for follow-up from a recent hospitalization.  Her PMHx includes type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis.  Eight days ago she was diagnosed with a myocardial infarction and under percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and drug eluding stent (DES) placement.   Lab results today include: CBC:  WBC 5,000, Hgb 8 g/dL, HCT 24%, Platelet count 280,000 Labs results drawn her her pre-procedure visit (8 days ago):  WBC 11,000, Hbg 13 g/dL, HCT 39%, Platelet count 150,000 On physical exam she appears to be in mild distress. BP 110/54 mmHg and HR 100 bpm.  Abdominal exam reveals tenderness in the RLQ and LLQ, but not rigidity or guarding noted.  The rest of her PE was within normal limits.   What is the most likely cause of this patient’s anemia?

Trey, Sr., while still alive, transferred securities valued at $25,000,000 early in 2025 to his favorite grandson and namesake, Trey III. Which of the following statements is (are) correct concerning the taxation of this transfer? (Assume that Trey II, who is the son of Trey, Sr. and the father of Trey III, is still living at the time of such transfer.) (1) The transfer is subject to the federal generation-skipping transfer tax. (2) The transfer is subject to the federal gift tax.

Pulmonary embolism often presents with vague or nonspecific symptoms, making timely diagnosis a clinical challenge.  Which of the following is NOT a commonly recognized risk factor for the development of pulmonary embolism?

The statements below are consistent with classic Bipolar Disorder EXCEPT:

Answers should be roughly 3 – 4 paragraphs in length:  Identify and explain the three categories of people who have the right to ‘disaffirm’ contracts due to lack of capacity, and explain for each what limits are put on their right to disaffirm contracts.

Answers should be roughly 3 – 4 paragraphs in length:    What are the four requirements for a contract? Explain each in two to three sentences. 

One of the most common causes of seizures in neonatal puppies and kittens is [answer1].

Answers should be roughly 3 – 4 paragraphs in length:  Identify and explain the three categories of people who have the right to ‘disaffirm’ contracts due to lack of capacity and explain for each what limits are put on their right to disaffirm contracts.