Short Essay #3. Pick one of the following (three different topics total): 1. What is relativism? Define the term and explain how it is connected to the ideas of objective and subjective truth. What reason(s) might someone have for accepting relativism? Then, explain why most philosophers believe that radical relativism is flawed. Be sure to describe the logical steps in the argument against radical relativism. 2. Provide an overview of the case against Socrates in “The Apology.” What is he accused of, and why? How is this related to the story about the oracle at Delphi? How does Socrates defend himself against his accusers? Then, explain his argument that death is probably a good thing. Why does he think this? Clearly explain the steps in his argument. Do you agree with him? 3. Explain Anselm’s ‘Ontological Argument’. What are the main points in the argument and what does Anselm conclude? Then, also explain Paley’s ‘Argument from Design’. Be sure to include an account of the way that Paley uses analogy in his argument. Finally, offer at least one criticism of each argument. How would an atheist critique these arguments? 4. Write about Descartes’ “Meditations on First Philosophy.” What is Descartes’ philosophical method? Why does he use this method? What is he trying to accomplish? Be sure to include an overview of the steps that he makes in his analysis of reality. What does he finally conclude about reality? Do you think that his arguments prove the existence of the world or not? Defend your answer. 5. Write about Hume’s “Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.” What is Hume’s philosophical method? What does Hume think of Descartes’ theory of reality? What are the two types of perceptions that we employ, according to Hume, and what is the difference between them? Which one is more important, and why? Finally, what does Hume think about the relation between causes and effects? Why does he think this?

A patient presents for a routine prenatal exam complaining of nausea and vomiting, flank pain, dysuria and urinary urgency. Vitals are normal except for a temperature of 102 degrees. Urine dipstick is positive for infection. What are the best next steps?

Someone who believes that the best way to understand the real world is via our sense-experiences is called:

The theory that knowledge begins with discovering certain indubitable truths, which provide the basis for the rest of our beliefs, is called:

A baby’s blood type is inherited from its parents. The zygote contains DNA from both parents and the same DNA will continue to be present in all body cells as the baby grows. What type of variant is a baby’s blood type?

Which of the following is an example of the Ad Hominem fallacy?

Thyroid disease is a common post-partum occurrence. It is best described as:

A patient presents to the emergency department with placental abruption at 31 weeks 5 days gestation. In addition to stabilizing the mother and checking labs, medications are given to help the baby’s condition. Which of the following would NOT be given in this scenario?

By what gestational week in fetal development are the atrial and ventricular chambers of the heart formed?

After the removal of trophoblastic tissue from a patient who had a complete mole, there are two essential elements of follow-up that should continue for six months. What are they?