Interaction formulas are limited to a maximum value of _____ in order to keep the required strength less than the available strength.

Compute the LRFD elastic critical buckling strength, Pe1, for the W8x58 made from ASTM A992 steel with L = 15 ft, P = 490 kip, M = 240 kip-ft, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Bending is about the x axis. The member is part of a braced frame, and the given service loads are 50% dead load and 50% live load. The frame analysis was performed using the requirements for the approximate second-order analysis method meaning that a reduced stiffness was used.

Determine Cb for the member if the moments at the top and bottom are 190 ft-kip and 410 ft-kip, respectively.

Compute the LRFD elastic critical buckling strength, Pe1, for the W10x88 made from ASTM A992 steel with L = 13 ft, P = 550 kip, M = 270 kip-ft, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Bending is about the x axis. The member is part of a braced frame, and the given service loads are 40% dead load and 60% live load. The frame analysis was performed using the requirements for the approximate second-order analysis method meaning that a reduced stiffness was used.

Using ASD, determine the value of the AISC interaction equation for a W12x106 made from ASTM A992. Let L = 16 ft, Kx = Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0. The factored loads are Pnt = 180 kip, Mnt = 170 kip-ft, The member is part of a braced frame, bending is about the x axis, and the ASD moment amplification factor has been determined to be B1 = 1.041.

For reverse-curvature bending, maximum moment amplification occurs between the ends of the member.

Ordinary structural analysis methods that do not take the displaced geometry into account are called _______ methods.

Compute the ASD moment amplification factor B1 for the W14x74 made from ASTM A992 steel with L = 15 ft, P = 200 kip, M = 230 kip-ft, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Bending is about the x axis. The member is part of a braced frame, and the given service loads are 30% dead load and 70% live load. The frame analysis was performed consistent with the effective length method, so the flexural rigidity was unreduced.

Compute the ASD moment amplification factor B1 for the W12x106 made from ASTM A992 steel with L = 15 ft, P = 230 kip, M = 260 kip-ft, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Bending is about the x axis. The member is part of a braced frame, and the given service loads are 50% dead load and 50% live load. The frame analysis was performed using the requirements for the approximate second-order analysis method meaning that a reduced stiffness was used.

Using ASD, determine the value of the AISC interaction equation for a W12x106 made from ASTM A992. Let L = 16 ft, Kx = Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0. The factored loads are Pnt = 190 kip, Mnt = 120 kip-ft, The member is part of a braced frame, bending is about the x axis, and the ASD moment amplification factor has been determined to be B1 = 1.044.