A client’s arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.55, PCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 35 mEq/L. How does the nurse interpret the acid-base balance?

Laboratory studies of an adult reveal the following: Sodium = 110 mEq/L, Chloride = 85 mEq/L, Potassium = 4.8 mEq/L, Calcium = 9.2 mEq/L.  How would the nurse interpret the above results?

A newborn who was born prematurely has respiratory distress syndrome. What is the reason he developed atelectasis?

An adult male complains to his physician that he’s had a cold for a week and is coughing up bloody secretions. What term would the nurse use to describe this condition?

Which of the following has the highest risk factor for Down Syndrome?

Adaptive immunity promotes processes against reinfection. How does adaptive immunity differ from inflammation? 

A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The nurse knows that the chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to:

Vaccines are biologic preparations of antigens that induce long-lasting immunity to a specific pathogen by stimulating the production of what?

A child is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The nurse obtains a thorough history which reveals the child’s parents are first cousins. Cystic fibrosis was most likely the result of: 

Aging results in atrophic changes to brain cells, which means: