Refer to Figure 1.  The model labeled B shows organs of the respiratory tract that contain cartilage, but specific types of cartilage have different functions.  What type of cartilage is present in organ #16? [a] What is the function of this cartilage? [b]

Refer to Figure 5.  This figure shows multiple organs of the digestive tract located in the abdominal cavity, but mechanical digestion begins in the mouth.  Name the specific accessory structures in the mouth that help by cutting and slicing into foods: [a] Be specific!

Refer to Figure 1.  The model labeled B shows organs of the respiratory tract that contain cartilage, but specific types of cartilage have different functions.  What type of cartilage is present in organ #15? [a] What is the function of this cartilage? [b]

Refer to Figure 2. Image B on this figure shows muscles used for breathing. Your patient is in the clinic for spirometry analysis. Their normal breathing is fine, but when they try to inhale deeply, they experience intense muscle pain. Which of the muscles in Image B might be injured on your patient? NAME the injured muscle: [a] Include the number for the muscle from the figure: [b]

Refer to Figure 5.  The model labeled A shows a cross section of the stomach. Numbers 1 through 3 indicate important structures needed for the healthy function of this organ.  NAME the structure that would be located at #1:  [a] Briefly EXPLAIN the function of this structure: [b]

Refer to Figure 2.  The model labeled A shows the lungs within the thoracic cavity. As you can see, this cavity is a tightly packed space with multiple blood vessels, airways, and the beginning of the digestive tract. Additionally, the lungs need to expand and contract without relying on dense fibrous connective tissue  or smooth muscle pulling on them.  Answer the following questions about the organs located in this space and the structures that impact their function. Each answer should be only 1-2 sentences or less.  1. The right lung has a larger volume but is often described as ‘shorter’; what makes the right lung shorter than the left? [a] 2. Acid reflux is also called ‘heart burn’; why would indigestion feel like pain in the heart? [b] 3. Fluid between two membranes helps expand and contract the lungs; what is the name of the membrane closest to the surface of the lungs? [c]

When a patient’s appearance takes on a bluish color, especially in the nail beds and mucous membranes of the mouth, the patient is described as:

Oral administration and enteroclysis are methods of administering the contrast medium for examinations of the:

A gastrointestinal HAI that causes diarrhea and is caused by a gram-positive spore-forming bacillus is:

The method by which drug metabolites are eliminated from the body is called: