Dillon is a shift manager at a fast-food restaurant company. The restaurant is generally busy during the lunch rush, 11:00 a.m.-2:00 p.m., so he tends to wait on customers in the store or at the drive-thru window or cook food. In this situation, Dillon’s actions can be described as a(n):

A study reported that the state of Pennsylvania is experiencing a significant shortage of teachers. In this scenario, what external environmental factor does the teacher shortage illustrate for some Pennsylvania schools?

Company A offers drive-up and in-store pickup services for all their products, including groceries. Fulfillment managers are responsible for ensuring the items are kept in good condition and delivered promptly when customers arrive to receive their orders. Considering a manager’s resources, the fulfillment managers illustrate physical resources.

A company moved its corporate headquarters from City A to City B. After getting settled, the CEO of the company scheduled a meeting with the mayor, who serves as the Executive Officer of City B. The CEO of the company wants to be able to work well with the local government and other important stakeholder groups. Considering the three skills of effective managers, the CEO’s efforts to meet with the mayor reflects their technical skills.

Lila, one of the interns, wears business professional attire to the office for the first week of her internship. She notices that the full-time employees and the five interns all wear business casual attire. Though she has never been told she has to dress in a certain way, she feels as though she can now wear business casual attire, since everyone else wears that attire. Lila made this decision based on the ___________ of her coworkers.

Denise is a first-line manager, and she is responsible for monitoring and measuring progress towards meeting the objectives set by the operations manager. From time to time, she may also take corrective action to ensure the objectives are achieved. Considering the four management functions, Denise’s focus on monitoring and measuring progress suggests that she is:

Five friends, Nasser, Dillon, Redha, Audrey, and Lila, all started working together after graduating from college last spring. Recently, Audrey was promoted to a middle-level manager because she was the first to master the inventory management system. Considering her skill set, Audrey was promoted due to her technical skills.

Christina is the CEO of a cable company. The company recently experienced a data breach – nearly 36 million accounts were compromised after hackers gained access to its systems. As the CEO, Christina is the spokesperson, so she talks with the press and others about the compromised data outside the company’s headquarters. What role category does Christina’s actions illustrate?

An online news story explained that as minimum wage increases take effect, fast-food chains report raising prices on items like burritos and burgers in response. This scenario illustrates how the external environment can influence how companies conduct business.

Jack is the manager of a retail business that sells automotive parts to consumers and professional repair shops. Jack manages the budget, so he can predict, with reasonable accuracy, whether the store will profit, break even, or lose money. Considering a manager’s resources, the budget illustrates a physical resource.