Case 11.1 Janet is a successful Colorado entrepreneur and has recently decided to open a recreational marijuana sales business in Denver, “High and Mighty.” The state and county require operators of such businesses to acquire a license, hold a public meeting coordinated with the local and state license board, and other special procedures for this new and highly regulated enterprise.  One holiday weekend, Detective Jones stops in and informs Janet that he is conducting a surprise inspection of the business to determine if Janet is complying with state record-keeping laws and other rules ensuring that minors are not being permitted to purchase the recreational marijuana. Janet has never been the subject of such a search and is concerned the detective’s presence will scare away customers. There are 20 customers in line, waiting to purchase recreational marijuana. Detective Jones enters the store over Janet’s objection and despite her request that he produce a search warrant.  He enters her office and reviews her paperwork relevant to state record-keeping laws. He notes several irregularities and documents them. When Detective Jones returns to the sales area, he finds that Janet and her staff have continued to serve customers while he was in the office. Detective Jones checks the ID of several people who have made purchases and finds that two of them are under age under state law to purchase marijuana. While Detective Jones is checking IDs, one of the patrons (Bobby) waiting to buy marijuana says, “Man, I can’t believe this guy is giving us such a hard time. What a bummer!” Detective Jones directs this man to empty his pockets on a nearby table and finds he has cocaine.  Detective Jones arrests Bobby for possession of cocaine, cites Janet for violating state law for poor record-keeping and charges her with providing marijuana to underage patrons.Can Detective Jones enter and search “High and Mighty” to ensure and enforce compliance with marijuana recreational sales regulations without a search warrant?

Child pornography web sites generate more than $3 billion annually of illegal money.

The U.S. Supreme Court has specifically held that public school boards may require random drug testing of _____.

Animal DNA can be linked to the crime scene and used as evidence. 

Government access to stored e-mails is not covered by federal law.

In Katz v. U.S., the Court held that interceptions of communications constituted neither a search nor a seizure under the Fourth Amendment.

At a minimum, an arrest requires _____.

Even if police do not have a warrant, they can still search a computer or any location if they have consent from a person in authority.

Case 15.1 ​The Sheriff’s Department has information to believe that illegal automatic weapons are being hidden in a garage on Mary Halberstam’s property. The information was obtained from a confidential informant who specified that the illegal weapons were assault rifles and that Mary has secured ammunition for the weapons in hopes of arming her friends against a looming government conspiracy. The Sheriff’s Department has a list of weapons that had been reported as stolen from a local gun store and the confidential informant confirmed those were the same weapons he had seen on Mary’s property. The informant made a sworn statement in the form of affidavit that was presented to a judge, who issued a search warrant for “any and all illegal items” in the home and garage of Mary, listing her proper address.  The Sheriff’s Department executed a search warrant at Mary’s home by forcing open her front door without knocking or announcing their presence and discovered the illegal weapons that matched the inventory from the Army Depot in her home and the garage.Mary challenges the search warrant as unconstitutional. She may succeed because:

During a valid traffic stop to issue a traffic ticket, officers may lawfully (automatically) do all but which of the following?