A patient with an Ejection Fraction of 25% is scheduled for a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, this patient should be sent to the preoperative clinic at least:

Short-wave diathermy is an example of what type of biophysical agent used in physical therapy?

Which of the following is the ability of the patient to voluntarily move a limb through an arc of movement?

Which of the following is not part of the diagnostic process a PT uses?

Scenario 1 In the small town of Kholm, a local bakery has become the heart of the community. The bakery is run by Lars, a passionate baker who loves experimenting with new recipes. Recently, Lars decided to host a weekly baking competition to engage the community and showcase local talent. Participants include Akari, a 25-year-old amateur baker who works as a graphic designer, and Liam, a 17-year-old high school student who dreams of becoming a professional pastry chef.   During the competitions, participants face various challenges, such as creating themed desserts, working with unfamiliar ingredients, and managing time constraints. The judges, including Sam and a few local food critics, evaluate the baked goods based on taste, presentation, and creativity. The competition fosters a sense of camaraderie and friendly rivalry among the participants.  During the events, Liam’s ambitious nature leads to conflicts with Akari’s more relaxed attitude. Liam wants to push boundaries and take risks, whereas Akari prefers sticking to familiar recipes and methods, causing tension during team challenges. 

          Houses aren’t the only place where insulation can be seen in our world. Two kinds of animals — birds and mammals — maintain a constant body temperature despite the temperature of their surroundings. Both have evolved methods to control the flow of heat into and out of their bodies. Part of these strategies involve the use of insulating materials — fat, feathers, and fur — that serve to slow down the heat flow. Because most of the time an animal’s body is warmer than the environment, the most common situation is one in which the insulation works to keep heat in.            Whales, walruses, and seals are examples of animals that have thick layers of fat to insulate them from the cold arctic waters in which they swim. Fat is a poor conductor of heat and plays much the same role in their bodies as the fiberglass insulation in your attic.            Feathers are another kind of insulation. They are made of light, hollow tubes connected to each other by an array of small interlocking spikes. They have some insulating properties themselves, but their main effect comes from the fact that they trap air next to the body. This stationary air is a rather good insulator. For instance, in winter, a house sparrow has about 3,500 feathers, which maintain the bird’s normal temperature even in below-freezing weather. Birds often react to extreme cold by contracting muscles in their skin so that the feathers fluff out. This increases the thickness — and hence the insulating power — of the layer of trapped air. Incidentally, birds need insulation more than we do because their normal body temperature is 106°F.            Hair (or fur) is actually made up of dead cells similar to those in the outer layer of the skin. Like feathers, hair serves as an insulator in its own right and traps a layer of air near the body. In some animals (for example, polar bears) the insulating power of the hair is increased because each hair contains tiny bubbles of trapped air. The reflection of light from these bubbles makes polar bear fur appear white — the strands of hair are actually semitransparent.            Hair grows from follicles in the skin, and small muscles allow animals to make their hair stand up to increase its insulating power. Human beings, who evolved in a warm climate, have lost much of their body hair as well as the ability to make most of it stand up. There is a reminder of our mammalian nature, however, in the phenomenon of “goose bumps,” which is the attempt by muscles in the skin to make the nonexistent hair stand up.  Which sentence best expresses the main idea of this selection?

          Houses aren’t the only place where insulation can be seen in our world. Two kinds of animals — birds and mammals — maintain a constant body temperature despite the temperature of their surroundings. Both have evolved methods to control the flow of heat into and out of their bodies. Part of these strategies involve the use of insulating materials — fat, feathers, and fur — that serve to slow down the heat flow. Because most of the time an animal’s body is warmer than the environment, the most common situation is one in which the insulation works to keep heat in.            Whales, walruses, and seals are examples of animals that have thick layers of fat to insulate them from the cold arctic waters in which they swim. Fat is a poor conductor of heat and plays much the same role in their bodies as the fiberglass insulation in your attic.            Feathers are another kind of insulation. They are made of light, hollow tubes connected to each other by an array of small interlocking spikes. They have some insulating properties themselves, but their main effect comes from the fact that they trap air next to the body. This stationary air is a rather good insulator. For instance, in winter, a house sparrow has about 3,500 feathers, which maintain the bird’s normal temperature even in below-freezing weather. Birds often react to extreme cold by contracting muscles in their skin so that the feathers fluff out. This increases the thickness — and hence the insulating power — of the layer of trapped air. Incidentally, birds need insulation more than we do because their normal body temperature is 106°F.            Hair (or fur) is actually made up of dead cells similar to those in the outer layer of the skin. Like feathers, hair serves as an insulator in its own right and traps a layer of air near the body. In some animals (for example, polar bears) the insulating power of the hair is increased because each hair contains tiny bubbles of trapped air. The reflection of light from these bubbles makes polar bear fur appear white — the strands of hair are actually semitransparent.            Hair grows from follicles in the skin, and small muscles allow animals to make their hair stand up to increase its insulating power. Human beings, who evolved in a warm climate, have lost much of their body hair as well as the ability to make most of it stand up. There is a reminder of our mammalian nature, however, in the phenomenon of “goose bumps,” which is the attempt by muscles in the skin to make the nonexistent hair stand up.  Which sentence best states the main idea of paragraph 3?

Au téléphone  Complete each sentence with an expression appropriate for a phone conversation. (4 x 2 pts. each = 8 pts.) Le téléphone sonne. Je décroche: «___________________________________________________!» Je ne sais pas qui parle: «___________________________________________________________?» C’est un ami de Stéphanie. Elle est dans sa chambre et je dois aller la chercher. Je dis: «____________________________________________________________» et je pose le combiné sur la table. Zut! J’ai déjà oublié son nom. Je reprends le combiné et je demande: «______________________________________________________________________________?»

          A social network usually acts as a support system for its members. It helps members maintain good physical and mental health or prevent physical and mental breakdown. It also reduces the risk of dying prematurely or committing suicide. There are several reasons for this. Our social network of friends, relatives, and coworkers can make us feel good by boosting our self-esteem despite our weaknesses and difficulties. Because they are more objective than we are about our problems, they can open our eyes to solutions that we are too emotionally distressed to see. The companionship from our network, strengthened by our frequent participation in recreational activities, can bring us joy while chasing away loneliness and worries. Finally, our friends and relatives often give us instrumental support—money and other aid—to help us cope with our problems. All these social and psychological factors have an impact on our bodily health. They keep our blood pressure and heart rate at low levels by reducing our brain’s secretion of stress hormones.            In contrast, our loved ones place many demands on our time and personal resources. They can irritate us by criticizing us or invading our privacy. This is shown in a study of the social networks of 120 widows. In this study, the women reported that more than two-thirds of the people who made their lives more difficult were their friends and relatives. In fact, these negative experiences may drag down people’s sense of well-being more than the positive social support can raise it up. Negative encounters usually have a stronger impact than positive ones; an argument stands out against a background of pleasant experiences. Thus, an isolated friendly exchange at a wedding that is already filled with strife between in-laws can restore only a little peacefulness. On the other hand, a single heated exchange at an otherwise tranquil wedding can ruin the whole experience. In sum, social networks can have both positive and negative consequences for people’s lives.  Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?

Si… Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Pay particular attention to tense and mood. (8 x 1.5 pts each = 12 pts.) 1. Si vous le vouliez, vous [siclause1] (pouvoir) commencer comme cadre. 2. J’ [siclause2] (avoir) moins de temps libre si je prends un emploi à plein temps. 3. Si vous voulez prendre un congé, vous [siclause3] (devoir) nous le dire un mois à l’avance. 4. Si tu commençais à ce niveau, tu [siclause4] (avoir) un salaire modeste. 5. Vous [siclause5] (prendre) un message si je ne suis pas rentrée. 6. Ils auraient le choix s’ils [siclause6] (postuler) dans plusieurs compagnies à la fois. 7. Si ta lettre de motivation est bonne, tu [siclause7] (trouver) un travail plus facilement. 8. Je [siclause8] (déménager) s’il n’y avait plus de postes dans la région.