How many unique healthy gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE?

During the formation of gametes, specialized germs cells first divide mitotically and then they undergo meiosis. The following graph is representing DNA content of male testicular cell during sperm formation. In the graph, DNA replication during S phase is represented by which numbered part(s) of the cycle?[Sphase] In the graph, G1 is represented by which part of the cycle?[G1phase] Based on the graph, how much DNA is present in a resulting human sperm? [DNAmass]    

Which of the following cell types is likely to demonstrate the lowest level of telomerase activity?  

Radiation therapy for cancer works because a cell’s DNA is exposed during mitosis and most vulnerable to damage from radiation. Because cancer cells are uncontrollably undergoing mitosis, they die when exposed to the treatment. The common side effects of radiation treatment are hair loss and vomiting. What does this imply?

In the diagram of the process of DNA replication, the black boxes labeled D and E are [DE]. The strand labeled B is the [B].  

In E. coli, you found a deleterious mutation in a gene called “dnaB” that codes for enzyme helicase. This mutation leads to a non-functional protein. Which of the following would you expect as a result of this?

In order for a cell to become cancerous, oncogenes must be______, or tumor suppressors are______.

What catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides during DNA replication?

A man has extra digits (six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot). His wife and their daughter have a normal number of digits. Having extra digits is an autosomal dominant trait. The couple’s second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their next (third) child will have extra digits?

If the DNA in the skin cells of healthy individual becomes damaged due to excessive sunlight exposure, mutation will not be passed to this individual offspring because