__ occurs when a nonsterile item either crosses over or comes in contact with a sterile field.

When autoclaving, place a gauze square around the tips of sharp instruments to prevent them from piercing the wrapping material.

All hinged instruments are wrapped in the open position to allow full steam penetration of the joint.

What type of wound is closed and has blood from broken vessels accumulating in the tissues?

Each instrument should always be locked before it is immersed in the chemical decontaminant so that the entire surface area can be cleansed.

A wet instrument pack is not automatically considered contaminated.

Ethyl chloride is a topical anesthetic spray that acts as a vapocoolant to control pain associated with minor surgical procedures.

Which of the following are the strongest nonabsorbable sutures?

Sterile technique should be used for venipuncture.

The recommended temperature for sterilization in an autoclave is: