[U5Q] Noah, a BCBA, records data on the number of times his client Katelyn speaks out of turn during her math class. Noah’s supervisor, Mark, is uncertain of the accuracy of Noah’s data and decides to collect data to calculate IOA. At the end of the week, Noah records the number of times Katelyn speaks out of turn as 5, 3, 2, 7, and 9. Mark’s counts are 6, 3, 3, 7, and 11. Mark calculates IOA by determining the percentages of agreement for the observers for each interval as 0.83, 1.00, 0.67, 1.00, and 0.81. The supervisor then adds the ratios, divides the sum by five observations, and multiplies by 100 to obtain an IOA score of 86.20%. This is an example of:

[U5Q] Zara is conducting a functional analysis to determine the maintaining variables for her client’s self-scratching behavior. Zara makes sure she does not run all of the conditions following lunchtime by randomly assessing her client 30 minutes before lunch time or 30 minutes after lunch time. What should Zara consider when using a multielement design?

[U5Q] Marybel and her assistant Naomi are tracking how long it takes for an employee to greet a customer as they walk into the store. Marybel records that it takes 21 seconds to greet a customer, while Naomi records that it takes 24 seconds to greet a customer. They calculate the interobserver agreement (IOA) and get an IOA score of 87.5%. This is an example of:

[U5Q] Tara and Andrei are counting how many goal attempts are made in each period of a hockey game. Tara counts 5, 6, and 13. Andrei counts 7, 6, and 13. For two of the three goal attempts their counts match, which results in an IOA of 66.7%. This is an example of: 

[U6Q] Jenae, a BCBA, is monitoring her caloric intake. She reviews her baseline data before she implements a weight-loss management plan that decreases calories to lose weight. Which type of analysis is Jenae conducting?

[U1Q] Maurice is a young man with an extensive vocal, vebral repotiore who will often follow requests given by caregivers. However, Maurice is food selective, eating only chicken nuggets with french fries and refusing most other foods. When given a new food during meals at home, he typically screams, hits, and gags. Which of the following is the most socially valid goal for Maurice?

[U5Q] Which experimental designs are represented in this graph?

[U5Q] A BCBA is teaching their client how to use the toilet. She collects baseline data and determines that the potential for accidents is high. She then implements an intervention that requires the client to wear underwear instead of the diaper the client currently wears. After the BCBA puts the intervention in place, the frequency of accidents begins to decrease.  Once the client consistently uses the toilet properly and accidents are rare, the BCBA implements a differential reinforcement for alternative behavior (DRA) procedure. The frequency of accidents initially remains low but begins to increase (trend back up) after a few sessions of DRA. Which confound is most likely influencing these results?

[U6Q] Sophia, a BCBA, is analyzing data to determine the success of an intervention. She reviews her research question, determines if there are sufficient data in each condition, and looks for variables that may have affected the data both within and across conditions. During her analysis, she sees that her research assistants are inputting graphical data at different scales, rendering visual analysis of the data impossible. What step in performing a visual analysis should Sophia have taken before reviewing her research question? 

[U6Q] What can we conclude from the data presented in the following graph?