The beam-column of A992 steel is part of a braced frame with L = 15 ft, Pu = 310 kip, Mux = 115 kip-ft. A second-order analysis was performed with factored loads and reduced member stiffnesses to obtain the moments and axial force. Bending is about the strong axis. Considering only W14x68, W14x74, and W14x82, use LRFD to select the lightest acceptable shape. Let Kx = 1.0, Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0.

If purlins are placed at the joints of a truss top chord, the top chord is considered a beam-column.

In the equation , the variable α is equal to _____ for ASD.

Determine the value of plastic section modulus, Z, about the horizontal z axis for the section. Let bf = 11 in., d = 24 in., tw = 0.250 in., and tf = 0.750 in.

A W8x31 made of A572 Grade 65 steel is subjected to a maximum bending moment of 100 kip-ft about its x-axis. Determine the maximum magnitude of bending stress in the beam.

Determine the value of the section modulus, S, about the horizontal z axis for the section. Let bf = 13 in., d = 16 in., tw = 0.250 in., and tf = 0.750 in.

Determine the value of the section modulus, S, about the horizontal z axis for the section. Let bf = 16 in., d = 24 in., tw = 0.375 in., and tf = 0.875 in.

Determine the value of the section modulus, S, about the horizontal z axis for the section. Let bf = 16 in., d = 20 in., tw = 0.250 in., and tf = 0.750 in.

The beam is braced at A, B, and C. Determine the lateral-torsional-buckling modification factor, Cb, for the unbraced length AB. Let w = 5 kip/ft, LAB = 16 ft, and LBC = 7 ft.

A W24x68 made of A572 Grade 65 steel is subjected to a maximum bending moment of 530 kip-ft about its x-axis. Determine the maximum magnitude of bending stress in the beam.