​The average delay between arrest and sentencing is more than six months for inmates.

The sociological theory known as the “subculture of violence” argues that violence is primarily found in the                     subculture.​

An institution’s main contact with the outside world is:​

​It would be safe to say that classification decisions are not, on the whole, subject to sociopolitical pressures.

Real money is prohibited in prison.​

​Most women believe rape is a violation emotionally, physically, and rationally as well as a degrading act of violence.

​Section 1983 allows inmates to sue public officials for constitutional violations.

The gap between unemployment rates for African American men and every other group in society grows when:​

Incapacitation focuses on characteristics of the offenders instead of characteristics of the victims.​

Criminal justice officials make a variety of decisions that disadvantage minority males. These include:​