One gram of carbohydrate, one gram of lipid, and one gram of protein yield ____, ____, and ____ kilocalories respectively.  

Which of these best describes a cell?

The aroma of cookies baking in the kitchen reaches you in the living room. The distribution of this odor throughout the house is an example of: 

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as:  

A bowtie is a graph on an even number of vertices, say 2g, in which there are 2 disjoint cliques of size g with exactly one edge between the 2 cliques. Consider the Bowtie problem: Input: an undirected graph G=(V,E) and a nonnegative integer g. Output: two disjoint sets of vertices S and T such that their union is a bowtie of size 2g, if such graph exists. This is, S must be a clique on g vertices, T must be a clique in g vertices and exactly one edge connects the two sets.  Show that the Bowtie problem is NP-complete.

All problems in the class NP can be solved by some algorithm in exponential time.

The liver is the largest internal organ that has many metabolic functions and well over 300 total functions.  Which of these is not a function of the liver? 

We saw in class how to reduce SAT to 3-SAT by transforming each clause of a boolean function into new clauses with at most three literals. If we apply such transformation to the clause:

A type of muscle contraction in which the muscle does not shorten, but its tension increases is called  

Calculate ΔG°rxn for the reaction below. ClO(g) + O3(g) → Cl(g) + 2 O2(g) Use the following reactions with known ΔG°rxn values 2 O3(g) → 3 O2(g); ΔG°rxn = +489.6 kJ Cl(g) + O3(g) → ClO(g) + O2(g); ΔG°rxn = -34.5 kJ