Caleb is a 25 y/o male (he/him) who has been diagnosed with a C6 ASIA A SCI that was sustained in a motor vehicle accident 1 week ago after he fell asleep at the wheel and his car rolled over.  He sustained a C5 spinal fracture dislocation, as well as chest, facial, and upper extremity injuries. During your morning PT session, you arrive to find Caleb in bed, complaining of a pounding headache.  You check his BP and discover it is 180/80 at rest. His BP is normally 108/70. You also note that Caleb’s face is sweating profusely and he is very flushed. What do you think is the cause of these symptoms (name it)?   What would you do about it?  Name at least 3 things you would do to respond.  (2 points)

You are working with a person who recently sustained a T8 SCI and is learning to propel a manual wheelchair for the first time. Which of the following recommendations should you NOT include in your training? 

Additional information from Betsaida’s evaluation: Patient Goals: “I want to return to living in my own home.  I want to be able to get up, use the bathroom, take a shower, and walk by myself.”   Movement Analysis:  Bed mobility: Betsaida rolls onto her weaker side by pulling on a bedrail with her RUE, but is unable to do so without the rail.  Once she is on her left side, she requires assistance to place her LUE in a stable position for the initial push-up to sitting midline. Transfers: Betsaida sits with her weight shifted onto her right hip and RUE.  Her left UE rests across her lap, but when verbally cued, she can move it to rest her left hand on the mat next to her.  Her grip is weak and she cannot keep hold of the edge of the mat with her left hand.  She uses multiple forward/backward rocks to get momentum to stand, then requires Mod A for lift-off, balance, and knee stabilization when she is pivoting to sit in her wheelchair.  Gait/Stairs:  Betsaida walks short distances (10-20 feet) with her LBQC and the AFO she was given at the hospital.  Her daughter provides Min-Mod A because her gait is unsteady, and Betsaida fatigues quickly. Her L ankle is well supported by the AFO, but she has excess knee and hip flexion in stance phase and inadequate limb clearance in swing phase, resulting in a toe drag. She leans heavily on her cane. For stairs, she defaults to a step-to pattern, ascending with her stronger RLE and descending with the weaker LLE. Her daughter and son hold her up around her waist but her LLE continues to buckle and her L toe catches on the step. You are worried about their collective safety. Given Betsaida’s current status, identify one of the objective measures recommended by the CPG: Core Set of Outcome Measures for Adults with Neurological Conditions that you would complete with Betsaida during your evaluation. Provide specific justification as to why you chose this measure for Betsaida.

Smith et al. 2022 used imaging of two tracts after spinal cord injury to determine if the amount of tissue sparing of those tracts would predict sensory and motor outcomes. What did they find? 

James is a 16 y/o male (he/him) who sustained a concussion while playing ice hockey. His main goal for PT is to return to playing hockey in time for the championship game next month. You educate him that in order for him to return to play, he needs to:

Why is each organization’s structure and culture unique?

According to the 2022 CPG for people with Parkinson’s Disease (Osborne et al. 2020), the activity that had the weakest recommendation was:

Jack hypothesizes that the relationship between emotional stability and aggressive tendencies differs depending on the amount of customer interactions. In this example, amount of customer interactions is a _____ variable.

Broadly, recruitment is used to influence what two properties of job applicant pools?

The next two questions pertain to this case example: Nelson is a 25 y/o male reporting a 10-day history of progressive, distal-to-proximal weakness and tingling, burning sensations starting in his hands and feet and progressing to both arms and legs.  He reports that he had an upper respiratory infection 2 weeks ago before his symptoms started, but was otherwise healthy.  Lumbar puncture results show increased protein in the CSF.  Nerve conduction test demonstrates slowing consistent with demyelination.  PMH and family history is unremarkable. He was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome and admitted to acute care.   Nelson’s symptoms have been continuing to worsen, although in the past 24 hours the progression seems to be slowing.  Which PT intervention is most appropriate for his condition at this stage?