Herb and Wendy, residents of California, married in 2016. They were both school teachers earning a combined income of $150,000 per year. They have no other assets. In 2021, Herb gave Wendy a 2-carat diamond ring for their 5-year wedding anniversary. He used his salary to pay for the $20,000 ring. A few years later, Wendy and Herb filed for divorce.  Characterize the diamond ring:

In 2010, Hector and Anna married. In 2015, while on a business trip, Hector met Winnie but did not tell her that he was already married. Hector immediately left Anna and moved in with Winnie. Hector and Anna did not file for divorce. In 2016, Hector and Winnie had a big wedding with their friends and family. In 2020, Hector and Winnie purchased a house together, using earnings from their salaries as the down payment. In 2022, Winnie files for divorce. Characterize the house:

What is the standard for determining putative spouse status:

During marriage, Henry used $100 from his inheritance and $100 from his salary to purchase a bicycle.  Characterize the bicycle:

For assets purchased with loan proceeds, the lender intent test applies to determine the character of the loan proceeds. When the community property presumption is rebutted by evidence that the lender relied solely on separate property to repay the loan, the court is applying the ______ case.

For assets purchased with loan proceeds, the lender intent test applies to determine the character of the loan proceeds. When the community property presumption is rebutted by evidence that the lender relied primarily on separate property to repay the loan, the court is applying the ______ case. 

A transmutation can occur in which of the following situations:

Willa loved shopping for new clothes and shoes. She went shopping frequently and incurred $50,000 in credit card debt. Shortly after, she met and married Hunter. Hunter worked but Willa did not. Willa was embarrassed to tell Hunter of her credit card debt and eventually defaulted on the payments.  If the credit card company seeks to satisfy the debt, the community property will be liable for the debt.

Prior to 1984, real property titled as Husband and Wife in Joint Tenancy can be rebutted by evidence of the following:

The earnings and accumulations of a spouse after the date of separation but before the divorce is finalized is: