A researcher is interested in seeing if there is an association between whether or not an individual uses a smart phone right before bed and how well an individual sleeps. Participants in the study report whether or not they used a smart phone before bed and then rate their quality of sleep as either “poor,” “average,” or  “good.” poor average good I use a smart phone before bed 27 15 10 I don’t use a smart phone before bed 14 17 23 The researcher concludes at the end of the study that there is an association between the two variables-whether the quality of sleep was poor and using smartphone before bed-after comparing two statistics _________ and __________. 

Which of the following study designs would give you the true value of the parameter?

Suppose you have a data set with the following five-number summary: Minimum = 26, Q1 = 32, Median = 34, Q3 = 38, Maximum = 58. What is the upper cutoff point for potential outliers? (By upper cutoff point, we mean the number such that anything greater than it is an outlier). 

Below is shown a boxplot of ages of participants in a study. What statistics do you recommend for the center and spread of these ages?  Why?  

The CDC recently started a push to make sure all Americans know that alcohol can cause cancer.  Below is a graph of the ages at which an alcohol associated cancer was first found. Which of the following things do we expect to be true about the age distribution among alcoholrelated cancers?https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/#/RiskFactors/  

Which of the following is a false property of the standard deviation?

A researcher wants to determine if a new exercise program helps people lose weight. She recruits over 1200 subjects (her statistician determined this number from sample size calculations) and randomly assigns them to either participate in the new exercise program or no exercise program. She tells those in the new program group to exercise 3 times a week and tells those in the no exercise group that they should not exercise for the duration of the study. Based on this information, which of the following principles of experimental design is not presented in this study?

Of the following graphs, which has the SMALLEST standard deviation?  All data was randomly generated with a sample size of n = 50, and all values of all the data are between 0 and 10.  Be aware that the graphs are out of order on your answers!  

Many fire stations handle emergency calls for medical assistance as well as calls requesting firefighting equipment. A particular station says that the probability that an incoming call is for medical assistance is .85. Assuming that successive calls are independent of one another, what is the probability that two successive calls will both be for medical assistance? 

Label each of the four implementation schedules below： A.         B.   C.   D.