For purposes of Rule 4.2, Rules of Professional Conduct, Communication with a Represented Person, “Managing agent” means an employee, member, agent, or other constituent of an organization with substantial discretionary authority over decisions that determine organizational policy.

California attorneys owe a duty to maintain client confidences, even at peril to themselves. 

In representing a client, a lawyer shall use any means that has a substantial purpose to delay or prolong the legal proceeding, thus incurring additional expense which will benefit the lawyer and the lawyer’s firm.

“Member” means a member of the State Bar of California.

Rule 1.01 of the California Rules of Professional Conduct defines “firm” and “law firm” to include a professional law corporation, a lawyer acting as a sole proprietorship, an association authorized to practice law, and lawyers engaged in a legal services organization, division, or office of a corporation, a governmental or other organization.

For purposes of Rule 1.8.10 “sexual relations” means sexual intercourse or touching of a intimate part of another person for sole purpose of abuse. Sexual arousal or gratification do not qualify under this rule.

Polymerase chain reaction technique is able to amplify DNA present in samples even in tiny amounts.

A lawyer may counsel a client to engage in conduct that the lawyer knows is criminal, fraudulent or a violation of any law, rule, or ruling of a tribunal.

An arbitrator selected as a partisan of a party in a multimember arbitration panel is prohibited from subsequently representing that party.

In the sale of a law practice confidential information can be disclosed to nonlawyers.