Authenticated encryption combines encryption and message authentication to prevent tampering.

28. Name this bone 29. Name the landmark

This question concerns your Project 1. In the Lab 1 we observed that files a1.out and a2.out got same MD5 digest but a different SHA-256 digest. What can we infer from this output?

Which of the following option is incorrect about Message Authentication Codes (MAC)?

Which member of the Triple Alliance ended up fighting against its former partners once World War I started?

The attack where an adversary tries every possible key until the correct one is found is called __________.

Which of the following accurately describes an outcome of the end of Austria-Hungary?

What two things allowed the interconnectedness of the global web to spread the ideas of self-rule and undermine empires after 1914?

Why did the Romanov dynasty end with Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication?

The following figure shows how KMAC works with two different keys.