Briefly describe one ELSI concern related to any aspect of DTC genomic testing services. 

You are a doctor and have a patient who had a recent stroke. The standard course of treatment is to prescribe Clopidogrel. Clopidogrel is a blood thinner that works by blocking platelet aggregation. The patient doesn’t seem to be responding to the medication. The FDA has labeled the medication with a warning that reads: DIMINISHED ANTIPLATELET EFFECT IN PATIENTS WITH TWO LOSS-OF-FUNCTION ALLELES OF THE CYP2C19 GENE  You order genetic testing for your patient that reveals your patient is homozygous for mutations in the promoter region of the CYP2C19 gene. What is your interpretation of this result with regards to drug metabolism and dose? 

What is the purpose of the two mutations in the Spike protein mRNA in the COVID mRNA vaccine?

Briefly describe two technological challenges related to the process of personalized whole genome sequencing. (Tip: this question is not about ELSI concerns and DTC testing. That topic is covered in a separate question).

Mitochondrial DNA sequences are useful to track recent evolution because mtDNA:

Which genotyping technique works by detecting when a DNA Polymerase can or cannot incorporate a new nucleotide onto an open 3′ end? 

When designing a gene therapy strategy with viral vectors, researchers must consider: 

An individual who is an Ultra Rapid metabolizer of Warfarin   _____ .

Which one of these is NOT one of the ways that infections can cause autoimmune diseases?

In Alzheimer’s Disease, tangles are formed: