You are a researcher who has conducted a study evaluating the effectiveness of two different dietary programs on weight loss. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Diet 1 or Diet 2. You are now ready to analyze the data collected during the study. For each comparison below, determine whether an independent or paired t-test is most appropriate. 1. Difference in body mass at post-test between participants receiving diet 1 vs. diet 2 Statistical Test: [test1] 2. Difference in baseline body mass between participants receiving diet 1 vs. diet 2 Statistical Test: [test2] 3. Change in body mass pre-test to post-test among participants receiving diet 1 Statistical Test: [test3] 4. Change in quality of life score from 2 weeks prior to study start compared to 6 months after the study among those receiving diet 2 Statistical Test: [test4]

What type of plot is used in meta-analyses to detect publication bias? 

You are a researcher desiring to study the upper limb movement patterns of non-disabled young adults. You design a study to address this interest and decide to recruit students and employees at UC. You will de-identify all of the data with a unique identifier for each participant. The data is stored on a secure computer. You plan to publish the results of the study. Which of the following are ethical considerations for this study? (Select all that apply)

When designing a new questionnaire for depression, researchers make sure to include both affective (mood) and behavioral (actions) symptoms, not just one domain, to fully assess the condition. What type of validity are researchers ensuring? 

Match each description to either descriptive or inferential statistics.  1. Often the first step to understanding data Statistical Type: [type1] 2. Organizing and summarizing data Statistical Type: [type2] 3. Used for hypothesis testing Statistical Type: [type3] 4. Examples: T-test, ANOVA, regression Statistical Type: [type4] 5. Examples: Mean, standard deviation Statistical Type: [type5] 6. Used to make generalizations from a sample and apply to a population Statistical Type: [type6]

Which of the following are features of a review article (compared to original research)? (Select all that apply)

In what section of an original research article would you expect to find tables and figures depicting statistics? 

Which mechanisms account for most burn injuries?

A newborn has severe hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Why can closure of the ductus arteriosus cause rapid deterioration?

An infant has a ventricular septal defect with higher pressure in the left ventricle than the right ventricle. Which blood-flow pattern is expected?