A physician tells a patient that she has essential hypertension. When the physician leaves the room, the patient asks the nurse what essential hypertension is. What response by the nurse is best?

A patient is scheduled for a coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Collaborative interventions before this procedure include which of the following: (Select all that apply.) Inform the patient that this test involves inserting a catheter into an artery in their wrist or groin. Evaluate the patient’s kidney function before sending the patient down for this procedure. Tell the patient that this test can identify if there are blockages in the coronary arteries.

A male patient who recently started taking atorvastatin reports the following symptoms to the nurse. Which symptom is a side effect of atorvastatin that is important to communicate to the health care provider?

A patient with chronic kidney disease is receiving peritoneal dialysis with 2-liter inflows. Which information should the nurse report promptly to the health care providers?

Your patient with bipolar disorder was transferred to the intensive care unit with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is:

A patient with a history of diastolic heart failure is admitted to the emergency department with severe dyspnea. The patient has pitting edema in the ankles, a blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg, an apical pulse rate of 95, a respiratory rate of 30, and SpO2 of 90%. The most important assessment for the nurse to accomplish next is:

As a PA student on your Internal Medicine Rotation, you are evaluating a 28-year-old female patient who complains of “double vision” and has several abnormal findings on exam. While performing a cranial nerve exam, you notice that the patient has left-sided ptosis which seems to become more pronounced when she makes an effort to keep her eyes wide open during the exam. You also notice that her voice is becoming weaker with prolonged speaking, and she seems to have difficulty swallowing. The patient reports recent “choking” spells when eating. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

A 54-year-old female with PMH significant for alcoholic cirrhosis and recurrent esophageal varices, who recently underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement, is brought to the emergency room by her daughter due to somnolence. Starting this morning, the patient has appeared sleepy, difficult to arouse, and slow to respond to questions. On physical exam, temperature is 98.6º F, BP 98/56 mmHg, pulse is 72/min, and respirations are 14/min. She repeatedly falls asleep during examination. With arms outstretched and wrists dorsiflexed, flapping of the hands is observed. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?

Bonus Question: A 72-year-old male has a past medical history that is significant for severe and uncontrolled hypertension; he is brought into the emergency room by his family due to a 30-minute history of change of mental status. The patient had just climbed stairs when he first developed a headache that has become progressive; it is associated with nausea, non-bilious vomiting, and unilateral upper and lower extremity numbness. His physical exam reveals an alert patient who is not oriented to time, place, or person. He is afebrile, with a blood pressure of 185/108 mm Hg, and there is nuchal rigidity present. His neurological exam notes contralateral sensory loss, contralateral hemiparesis, gaze paresis, homonymous hemianopia, and miosis. A CT scan without contrast was performed, and it is shown in the image below.  Your preceptor asks you to calculate the patient’s current mean arterial pressure (MAP).  MAP = [(2 x diastolic BP) + systolic BP] / 3

A 68-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, and hyperlipidemia, as well as a 30-pack-year smoking history presents to the Emergency Department with aphasia and right-sided hemiparesis. His wife reports that he was completely normal three hours ago at dinner. Vital signs are T 37C, HR 90, BP 142/91 mmHg, RR14, O2 99% on room air. On physical examination, he is unable to repeat a sentence. He is unable to express himself although he is able to follow commands. His right upper extremity and lower extremity are both weak but the weakness is more pronounced in his right arm than right leg. On examination of the head and neck, you note bilateral carotid bruits. Head CT is obtained (see image below). Which of the following statements regarding the management of this patient is TRUE?