The term _________________ music covers a great variety of music in which certain elements are specified by the composer in more conventional music. In this music, a composer might work out a way of throwing dice so as to determine which instruments, which pitches, and so on were to be used.

The ordinary German word for song is __________. It is also a particular type of German song that evolved in the late eighteenth century and flourished in the nineteenth century.

Set in contemporary Spain, _________________ by George Bizet,  tells the story of a fiery, sexually irresistible Gypsy woman who works in a cigarette factory and a soldier who falls under her spell.

The general Romantic tendency to blur all sharp edges found its musical counterpart in the practice of tempo ____________________, which means that in performance, the rhythm is handled flexibly, the meter itself may waver, or else the beat is maintained strictly in the accompaniment while the melody is played or sung slightly out of place with it.

Romantic composers pursued __________________________ to a greater extent than Baroque and Classical ones, to expand the expressive range of both their melodies and their harmonies. It refers to music that liberally employs all twelve notes of the chromatic scale.

In Austria and Germany, composers pressed forward with music that was increasingly emotional and complex. As though intent on taking Romantic fervor to its ultimate conclusion, they found themselves exploiting extreme states, extending to hysteria, nightmare, even insanity. This movement, known as __________________________, shares its name with important parallel movements in art and literature.

By the middle of the 1920s, the reputation of another American modernist, _____________________, was growing. He would soon rank as America’s leading composers.

A good general name for these short works is ________________________, for the essential point about them is that each portrays some definite mood or character. 

Late Romantic program music took its impetus from an important series of works called ______________________. It is a one-movement orchestral composition with a program, in a free musical form.

Starch and cellulose ___________________.