The police may be liable under:

What should be considered before determining if an area is considered a part of the curtilage of the home?

What starts as a frisk may quickly turn into an arrest if ____________ develops.

Before a stop can occur:

“Under the ____________ doctrine, the item seized is limited to what is in the officer’s sight. By contrast, items known or observed through the use of the officer’s other senses(smell, hearing, touching, and tasting) fall under the _____________ doctrine.”

“To be valid, consent must be voluntary and intelligent, based on ______________.”

“In United States v. Chadwick, the Court held that a warrantless search of a movable container found in a motor vehicle is invalid in the absence of ______________.”

“_______________ officials acting in their official capacity, may not be sued under Section 1983 in state court.”

“To arrest a suspect in another person’s home, the police need to obtain a search warrant to enter the house legally, except:”

Probable Cause is defined as: