The stronger an individual’s party identification is, the more likely he or she is to:

What is lost in this reaction? (What is substance 5?)

The election of which governor ended the historical dominance of the Democratic party and marked the beginning of two-party politics in Texas.

In Texas, all of the following groups constitute the Democratic Party base with the exception of:

What reaction in the citric acid cycle is this reaction parallel to or similar to?

What is added in this reaction? (What is substance 6?)

Upload your answers to these questions. Outline the reactions required to release a molecule of stored glucose from liver glycogen into the bloodstream. You may use acceptable abbreviations for the names of compounds (structures are not necessary). Include enzyme names or general types of enzymatic reactions for each step. (3 pts.)  Again, in the liver, outline the series of reactions required to store a molecule of glucose as glycogen. You may use acceptable abbreviations for the names of compounds (structures are not necessary). Include enzyme names or general types of enzymatic reactions for each step. (3 pts.)  Briefly explain what provides the free energy required for the reactions outlined in part b. (2 pts.) 

Questions 10-12 You’ll answer the questions by typing the letter that corresponds with the correct answer. This table will also be in a dropdown for each question. Identify these cofactors or coenzymes and, from the metabolic reactions we have encountered, name a reaction or enzyme that requires the cofactor. Some answer options may be used more than once, and some answer options will not be used. Some questions have more than one acceptable answer that will receive credit, but you only need to select one example that is correct. (i.e., You can only pick one answer even if there is more than one that would be correct.) Molecule Names Enzymes and Reactions A. Acetyl CoA K. Acetyl CoA carboxylase B. Acyl carrier protein L. Carnitine acetyltransferase  C. Biotin M. Citrate lyase  D. Carnitine N. Citrate synthase  E. Cobalamin O. Dehydrogenase F. Coenzyme A P. Fatty acid synthase G. GDP Q. Fatty acyl CoA synthetase H. HMG-CoA R. Hydratase I. NADPH S. Isomerase  J. NADP+ T. Methyl malonyl mutase U. Propionyl CoA carboxylase  V. Pyruvate carboxylase  W. Racemase  X. Thiolase  

Upload your answers to these questions. Outline the synthesis of the ketone body, acetoacetate, which forms in the liver under fasting conditions. It is formed in three steps. Include all substrate and product names and structures, enzyme names, and any necessary cofactors or coenzymes. (5 pts.) For the last step in the synthesis of acetoacetate, draw the arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction and identify which reaction in glycolysis it is parallel to. (3 pts.)  Ketone bodies are exported from the liver and utilized as an energy source by the extra-hepatic tissues. The brain, which normally utilizes glucose as its energy source, can, under fasting conditions, partially convert to using ketone bodies over the course of a few days. Show how a molecule of the ketone body, -hydroxybutyrate, produced in the liver and exported via the blood to the brain, is utilized for energy production and what advantage this compound has over acetoacetate in terms of cellular energy production. You may use compound names instead of structures. Enzyme names are not necessary. Include any necessary cofactors for full points. (3 pts.) 

You are required to show the front and back of each scratch paper (must be loose-leaf paper; up to 10 sheets) on camera recorded by Honorlock NOW. DO NOT show it in a stack. WARNING: Honorock does not record the precheck, so the procedure must be performed now. This is necessary to verify that no unauthorized matrials are being used. Failure to comply will result in a zero grade. Note: You may use blank paper, lined paper or a whiteboard for your scratch work.