_______ cracks occur first due to flexural stresses and start at the bottom of the beam.

To ensure safety in building design, standards recommend that shear strength be _______ flexural strength at all points on a beam.

To help prevent excessively wide inclined cracks, the textbook author recommends the use of _______.

A simply-supported beam has a 5 kip/ft uniformly-distributed load over the left half of its 9-ft span. What is the magnitude of the maximum shear force in the beam?

Inclined stirrups are an ineffective solution for resisting seismic loads.

A simply-supported beam has a 2 kip/ft uniformly-distributed load over the entire 8-ft span. What is the magnitude of the maximum shear force in the beam?

_______ must occur before a shear failure can occur in most concrete beams.

If φVc = 44 kip and Vu = 39 kip, are stirrups required?

The textbook author recommends the use of 135° stirrups throughout, except in certain cases where 180° stirrups are needed to prevent overlap.

In a mechanical splice, the force in one bar is transferred to the concrete, which transfers it to the adjacent bar.