What physiological markers increase with Dorsal Vagal Complex?

Vagal tone can be measured by tracking biological process:

Click on the carbon atom in this trisaccharide that is in equilibrium with its aldehyde form (not shown).

Given Bx resource Table 1, the coupled reaction catalyzed by hexokinase, and its uncatalyzed half-reactions, select the answer that best describes the sign of the ∆Go’ of each. coupled reaction:    g l u cos e   +   A T P → g l u cos e ‐ 6   p h o s p h a t e   +   A D P half-reaction 1:        g l u cos e   +   P i → g l o cos e ‐ 6   p h o s p h a t e   +   H 2 O half-reaction 2:        A T P   +   H 2 O   →   A D P   +   P i

Given Bx resource Table 2 and Coenzyme Q, Cytochrome c (3+), NAD+ and O2, all of which are involved in electron transport, match the one that best satisfies each of the following properties.

The ATP-ADP translocase exchanges ATP-4 and ADP-3 across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) as illustrated below. Select the statement that best describes the source of energy that makes this process spontaneous. ATP translocase.png 

Brown adipose tissue generates heat by controlled dissipation of the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP). Identify the effect on mitochondrial properties that are associated with increased uncoupling protein activity. Answer choices: Decrease Increase No change    Parameter Effect of increased uncoupling protein activity    Intermembrane space pH [BLANK-1]    Matrix pH [BLANK-2]    ATP synthase activity [BLANK-3]    ATP/ADP translocase [BLANK-4]    

Given the metabolic map below, determine the net change in metabolic processes as a consequence of increased energy status. CitricAcidCycleRegulation.png 

Given the Bx resource and the reductants below, identify the one that will most readily give up its electrons.

Given the generalized energy charge curve below, identify the changes in ATP and AMP concentrations and the change in the rate of glycolysis when the energy charge decreases from 0.95 to 0.89 (dashed lines). EnergyCharge2(1).png