__________ is associated with more rapid cognitive declines in older people and an elevated risk of dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease.

Consider the first-order functional program  f x = x + 8  g w = w * 5  h y = y – 2where we want to evaluate h (g (f 7)) using substitutions. Show the result of the first evaluation step for Call-By-Value, and also the result of the first evaluation step for Call-By-Name.  

According to Kübler-Ross, the weakened patient who reaches a state of peace __________.

Next some questions about Project 2, and the language interpreted there.

In most industrialized nations, donated organs can be removed __________.

Write the list that is the result of interpreting (on an empty input list) the program      var x; alias w x; var z; x = 5; w = 7; z = 9; write x

After cardiovascular disease and cancer, the most common cause of death among the aged is __________.

Participation by people age 65 and older in continuing education programs __________.

Much research confirms that feelings of __________ diminish in late life.

Next some questions about Call-By-Value and Call-By-Name.