51.      Clostridium difficille-associated diarrhea (CDAD) is usually preceded by:                 

38.    Which of the following organisms is a normal microbiota of the lower             Respiratory tract?            

17.       The drawback (side effect) in the use of Isotretinoin (Accutane) in the treatment of             Acne is that the drug is:           

  55.  A patient presents with symptoms consistent with gummas on many organs, skin                    bone, neurosyphylis and cardiovascular aortic aneurism.  These symptoms and                    signs are consistent with:                  

11.      Which is wrongly matched?            

5.       The following results were obtained from a broth dilution test for microbial susceptibility test.  The organisms were grown and then sub-cultured. KEY: + = growth; – = no growth.   Antimicrobial conc.     Visible growth          Growth in sub-culture   A. 160ug                               –                                       – B. 80ug                                 –                                       – C. 40ug                                 –                                       – D. 20ug                                 –                                      + E. 10ug                                 –                                       + F. 5ug                                   +                                      +  G. 2.5ug                                +                                      +   a) What is the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)? (1pt) —————————   What is the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)? (1pt).- ———————-

32,  An 8-year old boy in rural N. Carolina is hospitalized with fever, severe head ache and Macular rash on her palm and sole of the feet.  A tick was removed from his hair line one week earlier.  An ELISA test is positive for anti Rickettsial antibody.  This boy has:    

3.    Which of these statements is FALSE?        

43.       Epstein Barr Virus (EBV):            

13.       The etiology of this disease is a gram+ endospore forming obligate anaerobe that             releases a toxin that blocks acetylcholine, leading to flaccid paralysis.