A polysaccharide that is found in the exoskeleton of insects is called _________. 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTION #6: According to course materials only, list and briefly explain the different types of effector T cells discussed in class. (6pts) NOTE: When writing your short answer response, I am not looking for what Google or Chat GPT (or other generative AI programs) provides you as an answer to this question. Only responses derived from course materials shall be accepted.  

____ is recognized for making the connection between a particular microbe and the disease that particular microbe causes.   

A viral envelope is acquired by some viruses during which of the following steps?   

Humans can act as agents of evolution, such as selective breeding of organisms for specific traits through the process of _________. 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTION #4: According to course materials only, define pathogenicity, then list and explain the four pathogenicity requirements. (5pts) NOTE: When writing your short answer response, I am not looking for what Google or Chat GPT (or other generative AI programs) provides you as an answer to this question. Only responses derived from course materials shall be accepted.  

Plasma cells are responsible for antibody formation.   

Exotoxins are harmful proteins secreted by bacteria.   

Which type of water is denser (more molecules packed in)?  Liquid water or solid water (ice)? 

ESSAY QUESTION #2:  In essay format and according to course materials only, list and describe each of the five stages of a lytic infection caused by a bacteriophage. (10pts) NOTE: When writing your essay response, be sure to write in essay format. Points shall be deducted with improper use of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation. I further expect to see well-constructed sentences with no errors in mechanics. I am not looking for what Google or Chat GPT (or other generative AI programs) provides you as an answer to this question. Only responses about the lytic infection derived from material from the course lecture videos or course powerpoint will be accepted. Further, as a ten point essay question, you must describe each stage of a lytic infection in a way that shows me you understand the materials you learned directly from class.