Suppose you are given the results from two surveys that were run simultaneously on the same population (but different respondents).  Both surveys used the same questionnaire, which includes a Likert scale question on a 1-5 scale.  The first survey yields a mean of 2.86 for this question, and the second survey yields a mean of 2.99.  What type of error explains the difference between the two?

Case: Consider the following output from Rstudio from conducting ANOVA on two questions Level of education completed and the Likert statement I consider myself a liberal (1-strongly disagree, 2- disagree, 3-neither agree nor disagree, 4-agree, 5 – strongly agree)   Descriptives   N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Elem School 51 3.2510 1.02594 .14366 Some High School 174 3.4092 .89127 .06757 High School Grad 1046 3.3440 .91739 .02837 Some College 1001 3.4503 .96209 .03041 College Grad 455 3.3736 .96558 .04527 Post-Grad Education 458 3.5620 .99348 .04642 Total 3185 3.4151 .95240 .01688       ANOVA   Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between 18.582 5 3.716 4.117 .001 Within 2869.495 3179 .903     Total 2888.077 3184         –REFER TO THIS CASE FOR THE QUESTIONS 35-37—   Q35: Given this ANOVA output and a 1% significance level, what can we conclude from this test?

Consider the following question taken from a questionnaire:   “Chipotle’s menu items are:” Healthy     *       *        *       *        *       *        *    Unhealthy   This is an example of a:

Case: Suppose you are given 6 variables from a survey that you wish to use for a cluster analysis.   Before progressing to clustering you wish to reduce the dimensionality of the dataset.  Consider the following scree plot and Eigenvalues from a principal component analysis.   PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 Standard deviation 1.6526 1.4893 0.6645 0.58417 0.42735 0.2919   –REFER TO THIS CASE FOR THE QUESTIONS 41-43 — Q41:  How many components would you select if you are using the eigenvalues?

Suppose that a variable X is normally distributed with mean 3 and variance 16.  Using what you know about standard deviation and the empirical rule, which of the following statements is true:

Note: use the following fact pattern for the next two questions.   Alberto owns 25 percent of Sycamore, an S corporation. At the beginning of the year, Alberto’s basis in his stock was $30,000, his share of Sycamore’s accumulated adjustments account (AAA) was $25,000, and his share of Sycamore’s earnings and profits from prior C corporation years (accumulated E&P) was $15,000. Then, during the year, Alberto was allocated $12,500 of ordinary income and Sycamore made a nonliquidating distribution to Alberto of $50,000.   [question 1 of 2] How much of the distribution is taxable to Alberto as a dividend?

Alberto owns 25 percent of Sycamore, an S corporation. At the beginning of the year, Alberto’s basis in his stock was $30,000, his share of Sycamore’s accumulated adjustments account (AAA) was $25,000, and his share of Sycamore’s earnings and profits from prior C corporation years (accumulated E&P) was $15,000. Then, during the year, Alberto was allocated $12,500 of ordinary income and Sycamore made a nonliquidating distribution to Alberto of $50,000.   [question 2 of 2] What is Alberto’s basis in his Sycamore stock after the distribution?

In general, a partner’s holding period in property received in a liquidating distribution begins on the day after the distribution.

Note: use the following fact pattern for the next three questions.   Nicole and Paula each own 50 percent of Magnolia, an S corporation. Magnolia reported the following revenues and expenses:   Sales revenue – $720,000 Cost of goods sold – ($200,000) Depreciation expense (MACRS) – ($12,000) Sec. 179 expense – ($44,000) Long-term capital gains – $8,000 Qualified dividends – $5,000 Nontaxable interest income – $3,000 Salaries to owners – ($120,000) Employee wages (excluding salaries to owners) – ($50,000)   In addition, Nicole and Paula each received distributions of $10,000 from Magnolia.   [question 1 of 3] How much ordinary business income is allocated to Nicole?

Nicole and Paula each own 50 percent of Magnolia, an S corporation. Magnolia reported the following revenues and expenses:   Sales revenue – $720,000 Cost of goods sold – ($200,000) Depreciation expense (MACRS) – ($12,000) Sec. 179 expense – ($44,000) Long-term capital gains – $8,000 Qualified dividends – $5,000 Nontaxable interest income – $3,000 Salaries to owners – ($120,000) Employee wages (excluding salaries to owners) – ($50,000)   In addition, Nicole and Paula each received distributions of $10,000 from Magnolia.   [question 3 of 3] If Nicole’s basis in her Magnolia stock at the beginning of the year was $40,000, what is her basis after considering the above items?