[Oceans] The following image shows surface salinity values of ocean waters around the globe. Place the climate zones in order from least to most saline based on the image.

[Volcanic Hazards] Laki is the name given to a series of volcanic fissures that erupted catastrophically in 1783. Over the course of five months, the fissures emitted approximately 14 km3 of lava and vast quantities of volcanic gases. Nearly a quarter of all Icelanders perished as a result of the famine this eruption caused.Watch the video on Laki below. Laki Volcanic FissuresLinks to an external site. Using the information provided, characterize the eruption of Laki in 1783 using the choices below.

[Oceans] The following image shows sea-level records for the last 500 million years. Current sea level is shown by the red line. We know that sea levels respond to the overall temperature of the planet. Show that connection by labeling the periods of the graph when the Earth was warmer or cooler than today. Note that every item may not have a match, while some items may have more than one match.

[Oceans] Ocean currents circulate the water within the Earth’s oceans. These currents are powered by several different forces. Watch the following video on ocean currents and then select the main driving forces of ocean currents from the choices listed below. video on ocean currents  

[Oceans] The following graph shows oceanic water temperature with reference to depth for equatorial, tropical, and polar (high latitude) waters. Select the line that represents the highest surface temperature.

[Ocean and Coastal Processes ] Beach erosion from storm surges and daily wave activity is a serious problem in many coastal communities. In an effort to stabilize coastlines, engineers design and install hardened structures such as the ones shown in the animation below. Select “Topics” and watch each animation. Living with the Coast Now, label the three images shown below.

[Ocean and Coastal Processes ] As waves approach shore at an angle, they refract, or turn. This leads to longshore drift: the movement of beach sediments in the down-current direction. Based on the orientation of the wave crests in the picture below, which direction will longshore drift move sediments?

[Earth’s Atmosphere]  Water vapor condenses to form clouds, but the type of cloud depends on many atmospheric conditions. Using the word bank provided, label the cloud types in the diagram.

[Winds, Fronts, and Cyclones] It is important to distinguish cyclones from hurricanes. While both are powerful storm systems, there are notable differences. Drag the following terms onto the storm type they describe.

[Ocean and Coastal Processes ] The Earth’s oceans are part of a dynamic system. The temperature and salinity of the water varies across the globe. These differences result in variations in water density, which drives the major oceanic currents in a process called thermohaline circulation. Which type of water is densest?