Which of the following heat modalities would be MOST effective for a patient with OA of the MCPs, PIPs, and DIPs who can perform AROM of those joints while using this modality? 

A physical therapist positions a patient in supine on a treatment plinth in preparation for a hot pack.  When preparing the hot pack for the low back, the therapist should utilize:

Shortness of breath following intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) may indicate

Application of US to which of the following structures will result in the fastest change in tissue temperature?

Which of the following patients should not receive a US treatment?

Your patient (56 yo MALE) with a RIGHT Lumbar L4 radiculopathy with neurological symptoms into the L4 pattern just finished their first session of lumbar traction.  Which of the following outcome would be most appropriate to assess the effectiveness of Lumbar traction/decompression IMMEDIATELY after?

The activation of peripheral receptive terminals of primary afferent neurons in response to noxious chemical (inflammatory), mechanical, or ischemic stimuli are associated with this pain mechanism:

Which of the following is a contraindication for US?

What is the most appropriate procedure for reducing inflammation over the injury sites using the iontophoresis technique?

What is the best practice for using the high-volt monophasic pulsed current technique to manage edema in the acute stage?