The Southern Oscillation refers to the difference in surface air pressure between __________.

The Vikings were forced back across the North Atlantic from their occupation of North America by __________.

Controls of climate include __________.

Methods employed to allow anadromous fish to get around (or through) dams include all of the following except for __________.

La Niña __________.

The drill ship Chikyu, placed in operation in 2006, has what capability different from DSDP and ODP drilling sites?

__________ is transferred between the ocean and atmosphere.

Besides submersibles and satellite remote sensing, other marine technologies deployed in the 20th and 21st centuries include all of the following except for _________.

Find the product or quotient.  Show all work.  Write each answer in simplest form.  

The kidney will be at an angle of ___________ from being parallel to the plane of the IR when the patient is in a supine position.