The strength-reduction factor, φ, for shear and torsion is 0.75.

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A beam is singly reinforced with the reinforcement in two rows. The bottom row contains 8 No. 7 bars at a depth of 24 in. The top row contains 6 No. 6 bars at a depth of 20 in. Determine the effective (centroidal) depth, d, of the steel.

Convert the radian measure to degree measure. Use the value of π found on a calculator, and round answers to two decimal places. (5 points)

Match the following terms to the meaning.

What λ value should be used for lightweight-aggregate concrete?

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek invent?

Graph the expression sec2 x – sec2 x sin2 x on your calculator. Determine what constant or single function is equivalent to the given expression. (5 points)

In Park SMART – the letter A stands for:

When the force in a reinforcing bar changes from point to point along its length, there must be bond stresses between it and the concrete.