Renal dysfunction can contribute to which of the following THREE answers?

Which of the following male reproductive disorders is characterized by distended veins and lack of blood drainage of the testes may create a sense of heaviness in the scrotum ultrasound will show venous distension health care provider may palpate a “bag of worms” finding

The stimulus to breathe is

Name the type of hypersensitivity response: The T lymphocyte cells respond with memory to a previous antigen exposure that is not immediate in onset. Examples include contact dermatitis or transplant organ rejection.

Name the electrolyte imbalance: Potential etiologies can include corticosteroid use, bone cancer or hyperparathyroidism. Signs and symptoms can include constipation, decreased deep tendon reflexes, lethargy, weakness or kidney stones

Which of the following has these clinical characteristics: Painless, ulcerated lesion at site of inoculation. Maculopapular rash all over body, including palms of hands and soles of feet. Late stages cause neurological problems such as ataxia, stroke, and dementia.

Which white blood cell type initially increases in response to infection, releasing substances such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha?

A 55 year-old male patient who complains of weak urinary stream, hesitancy, frequency, dribbling after urination, and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying should be evaluated for

Redness, pain, and edema of one calf with ropiness over the venous track should prompt the ordering of which initial tests?

A teenage male athlete comes to clinic for a “bulge in his belly.” The abdomen is non-tender, non-distended and bowel sounds are active. There is no redness or bruising to the abdomen. The healthcare provider examines the abdomen and finds a soft protrusion in the abdominal wall near the umbilicus. The healthcare provider gently presses on it and it goes back inside and pops back out when pressure is removed.  What is this and how should the healthcare provider proceed?