Gender identity is the personal conception of oneself as female, male, both, or neither.

Disengagement theory is also a part of the theoretical paradigm, symbolic interaction.

Many studies support the fact that higher levels of testosterone in men leads to higher levels of aggression. 

Typically, when people say something like “It’s Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve!” it indicates ________ as an agent of socialization in their construction of meaning about gender and sexuality.

Androgynous genders are a recent phenomenon based in social construction.

All of the following are critical challenges to evolutionary explanations for biological differences in gender EXCEPT:

According to the ________, individuals blame the problems they experience on racial and ethnic minorities (i.e. scapegoat them) rather than recognizing the real sources to their personal troubles.

When banks reject mortgage applications from racial minorities living in high-risk neighborhoods it is referred to as redlining.

Cultural deficiency theories suggest that people of color encounter structural forms of racism in education, the criminal justice system, the job market, and government.  

________ discrimination affects large numbers of people because it is embedded in housing, medical care, education, and law enforcement; while ________ discrimination occurs in daily life anytime someone is targeted by another prejudicial person, e.g., hate crimes and harassment.