From the following figure, the accurate sizes of bands cannot be interpreted because  

After transformation of E. coli with pGFP , cells that take up the plasmid exhibit fluorescence upon exposure to UV because of expression of ————protein from the plasmid DNA.  

The following picture taken from a rotting potato? What conclusions can you make from the clear zones seen on the plate?

If you begin with 10 bacteria and the bacteria divide exponentially, how many bacteria will you have at the end of 2 hours?  The generation time of the bacteria is 20 minutes.

Shigella is an enteric pathogen that is associated with severe, bloody diarrheal disease.  Which of the following tests will differentiate Shigella from E.coli as the causative agent of disease? You may use the chart below as a reference to decide your answer.

Label A, B and C in the following figure.

In the following figure, the susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus was tested against three antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer method. Results showed an 11 mm clear zone (devoid of any growth) around cefoxitin (FOX); 26 mm clear zone around doxycycline (D) and no clear zone around oxacillin (OX).  Which of the following conclusions are most likely correct regarding the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics D and OX?

In an experiment, 1 mL of a bacterial sample was serially diluted with 9 mL of water.  1 mL of each dilution was plated on nutrient agar and incubated at an appropriate temperature to visualize colonies.   Based on the following scheme of dilution, which answer best describes the bacterial concentration ( CFU/mL) in the original sample? 

Which of the following statements about the organism shown in the picture is true?  

A red-hot swollen 1st big toe joint without a specific incident in a 40-year-old man is indicative of