In a series of experiments, Steele and Aronson (1995) had both African-American and white students at Stanford University take a verbal test. In one condition, the test was described as a valid measure of intelligence, and in the other condition, the test was described as neither a reliable nor valid measure of intelligence. In the first condition, African Americans performed more poorly than did white students because

________ refers to the dissonance aroused after we have chosen between two or more alternatives.

Describe 3 causes of prejudice. How can prejudice be reduced? (Be sure to elaborate on how prejudice can be reduced).  

Define the term “Social Dilemma.” Describe the Commons Dilemma and the Public Goods Dilemma and provide an example of each.

When we have unwittingly caused our stereotypic expectations to be confirmed by an out-group member’s behavior, we have actually created a(n)

Pluralistic ignorance results when ________ backfires.

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

When our behaviors are inconsistent with our values or beliefs, we are NOT likely to experience cognitive dissonance if

According to the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion, you are more likely to be influenced by the central route when you are

________ attribution is to person to as ________ attribution is to situation.