____________ is when children play with similar toys but have no interaction.                

  Which of the following accurately describes Confucius’s teaching?  

  Which of the following most accurately describes the Mahayana School of Buddhism?  

What is the term for ear wax?

  Which of the following was a defining architectural feature of the polis?  

  Which of the following is a second-generation society?  

Bonus Question (5 points) The above figure is for the gradient boosting algorithm for regression. Step 1. A new decision tree (DT) is trained with feature X and label r (i.e., residual) to predict the residual. Step 2. The predicted residual in Step 1 is multiplied by the learning rate and is added to the prior predicted The learning rate is between 0 and 1 for slow learning to avoid overfitting. Step 3. The residual is updated by subtracting the new DT in Step 1 multiplied by the learning rate. Step 4. The final predicted Y in the gradient boosting is the additive function of DTs multiplied by the learning       rate in each stage. Overall, gradient boosting is a (1) _____________ (a. parallel learning, b. sequential learning; 1 point). In addition, a new decision tree in each stage is created based on the information from the prior trees to improve performance. Based on the algorithm, which one is not a hyperparameter for gradient boosting? (2)_________ (2 points) the number of trees the maximum depth of each tree learning rate dropout rate the number of splits in each tree

  Which of the following correctly characterizes the Zhou state?  

  In Mahayana Buddhism, what were the enlightened demigods who helped individuals obtain nirvana called?  

Use the pumping lemma to prove that the language L< of binary strings with strictly fewer 1s than 0s (containing say 10010 and 00100 but not 10101 and not 0110) is not regular.