If a male donkey (2n = 62) were to successfully mate with a female horse (2n = 64), the offspring is called a mule. Most mules are produced in this way as mules usually cannot create functional gametes. Why is this the case?

Homologous chromosomes contain the same ___ but may contain different ___.

Nondisjunction during meiosis can have detrimental effects such as Down syndrome or a spontaneous abortion. Which best describes nondisjunction?

During metaphase of mitosis, the chromosomes:

During which phase of mitosis is the spindle disassembled, the nuclear membrane formed, and the chromosomes uncoil?

If an animal cell has a diploid number 2n = 18, how many chromosomes would be present in each of its gametes?

When a human egg is fertilized by a sperm, the sex of the developing embryo is determined:

A researcher is studying the effects of aspirin on heart rate. He believes that aspirin will lower heart rate. He has 2 groups the treatment group receives 80mg of aspirin for a week () the control group received a placebo () and their heart rates are compared. Below is his data in which heart rate is measured in beats per minute. He sets his alpha level at .05 and uses a directional test. Placebo             Aspirin [a]                        58 [b]                        52 [c]                        54 [d]                        60 Use the above data to calculate the observed t-score. **Report your answer to 4 decimal places.

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the difference between two independent means is called the:

The degrees of freedom for the independent groups t test are equal to: