A patient presents to the ED complaining of severe dyspnea for the past several hours caused by pulmonary edema. You place the patient on oxygen therapy and ask questions related to their breathing. The patient has been experiencing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, has been sleeping in the recliner for the last month and states he has noted a worsening of ankle swelling with 2-3 + pitting edema. Based on this information, which pulmonary edema etiology best fits this patient’s clinical picture?

All of the following statements are true about ARDS (non-cardiogenic), EXCEPT:

Mrs. Longevity presents with acute onset of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Which of the following is the most significant factor contributing to her hypoxemia?

The use of CPAP/PEEP is critical in the management of ARDS because it works to improve oxygenation by:

Which of the following hemodynamic findings is NOT associated with moderate to severe CHF?

Pulmonary edema resulting from left ventricular failure (Cardiogenic) is best termed:

What is the causative organism that results in a fungal infection endemic to forest areas of North America high in decaying wood and most commonly located in central Southeast U.S.?

A patient with pancreatitis and pulmonary edema is placed on a mechanical ventilator. The initial ABG results on 100% oxygen are: pH 7.36, PaCO2 42 mmHg, PaO2 173 mmHg, HCO3 23 mEq/L with a calculated A-a gradient of 438 mmHg. Based on the A-a gradient, what pathophysiology is most likely?

Abscess formation follows a predictable pathological progression. Of the pathologic changes associated with lung abscess development, which is the LAST to occur?

You are called to attend to an ER patient complaining of shortness of breath and severe dyspnea on exertion. Patient history is significant for a 30 year-pack smoking history, dry non-productive cough and occasional pedal edema. CXR findings are not remarkable except for mild cardiomegaly. You want to rule out ILD vs. obstructive lung disease. Which of the following tests may help you to differentiate the diagnosis on this patient?I. sputum culture and sensitivityII. high resolution CTIII. pulmonary function testingIV. arterial blood gas analysisV. PET scan