(01.03 HC) Based on your knowledge of ocean chemistry, predict the feeding mode and size of organisms found in the deep layers of the ocean, and select the best explanation. (3 points)

(03.05 MC) The moon and sun both have an effect on the ocean’s tides. Which type of tide would most affect the abundance of aquatic organisms in a marine ecosystem and why? (3 points)

(02.03 LC) What type of severe weather would most likely decrease coral reef biodiversity by damaging coral skeletons and polyps? (3 points)

(02.05 LC) As global warming continues, the oceans absorb more of the Earth’s heat. What term describes the ocean as a storage location for this heat? (3 points)

(03.05 MC) Winds that cause ocean currents can be affected by the Coriolis effect, resulting in upwelling currents. How would an upwelling current increase the abundance of aquatic organisms? (3 points)

(03.02 MC) Marine scientists have collected data showing that oceans have become warmer in recent years. This increase in temperature would reflect an increase in thermal energy stored in the ocean. If true, would this validate or invalidate the Law of Conservation of Energy? (3 points)

(02.02 MC) Which idea best describes why the volume of water in Earth’s oceans changes? (3 points)

(03.02 HC) Phytoplankton use sunlight to gain energy through photosynthesis. As a result of the Law of Conservation of Energy, phytoplankton cannot gain more energy than it consumes. A closed system consisting of an aquarium, phytoplankton, and sunlight is set up. Which of the following methods would best demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Energy? (3 points)

(03.01 MC) Cod grow and reproduce best when the temperature is below 54 degrees Fahrenheit. The following graph shows the temperature anomalies from 1960 to 2015. Temperature anomaly refers to the way in which the temperature is different from the long-term average. If the anomaly is negative, that means the temperature is lower than normal; if the temperature anomaly is positive, the temperature is warmer than normal. © 2016 NEAQ.org According to the graph, what prediction can be made regarding the ecosystem in which cod live? (3 points)

(03.03 MC) Most filter-feeding whales have calls between 15 to 25 hertz, but one type of filter-feeding whale has a much higher frequency, at 52 hertz. What likely differs between the two whale calls? (3 points)