Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of chronic asthma symptoms?

A 13-year old boy presents for his annual physical. His is in the 98th percentile for weight and 50th percentile for height. On physical exam you note dark, velvety skin changes on his neck. You order a work up. His non-fasting glucose is 210 mg/dL and his hemoglobin A1c is 7%. What is the next best step?

A 12-year-old male has complained of right anterior thigh pain intermittently for the past 6 weeks.  His mom reports no history of trauma but notes “he is limping more and more”.  You note reluctance to walk at all, positioning of the right hip in an extreme external rotation and limited hip flexion on exam.  You suspect:

A 10-year-old boy presents to the clinic for evaluation of a skin problem. He reports intense itching and skin crawling. His symptoms started a few days ago. He is now having trouble sleeping, as the pruritus seems to be worse when he lays down at night. On exam, you note lesions in the webs of his fingers and on the soles of his feet. Which of the following is the best treatment for the suspected condition?

The red reflex is done in the newborn period to rule out:

When do infants typically gain more weight?

You are evaluating several studies on a new treatment for pneumonia. Each study has a different design. Which design is considered the “gold standard” for research and evidence-based medicine?

A 4-year-old child can gallop and hop on one foot, copy a square, wash her face and hands, draw a four- to six-part person, has 100% intelligible speech, and parallel plays with other children. Based on the description of her skills, which domain of this child’s development is delayed?

You are seeing a 7-year-old girl for complaints of a painless rash x several days. She lives with her older brother and parents in the “country” and spend most of her free time outdoors. On exam, you note an erythematous bull’s eye lesion approximately 3 inches in diameter to her left thigh. Given your presumptive diagnosis, what would be the appropriate treatment for her at this time?

You are seeing a 12-year-old girl for her annual exam. She has no significant medical history and no complaints. Vital signs are normal and she is 57 inches in height (25th percentile)  and 151 pounds (98th percentile). BMI is above the 97thpercentile for her age. Her BMI at her last exam 2 years ago was at the 83rd percentile and her lipid screen was normal.  What are the current recommendations for lipid screening for this patient?