are the three-letter “words” that are translated into amino acids by            .

Put the steps of protein catabolism in the correct order:  I – deamination; II – two-carbon molecules enter the Krebs cycle; III – digestion with extracellular proteases; IV – transport of the amino acids into the cell via membrane channels.

Mature eukaryotic mRNA would contain each of the following, except?

              is the template/instructions for transcription;               is the product.

This fungus is considered to be an emerging pathogen of particular concern because it is resistant to many antifungals, and is very difficult to eradicate in clinical settings such as hospitals.  It was originally isolated from the ear of a patient at the Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital in Japan.

Although most commonly found in the tropics (eg., Australia), this soil- and water-borne Gram-negative bacterium has recently been found in the soil and water of the Mississippi Gulf Coast when two cases of Whitmore’s disease were diagnosed in Mississipians who had no history of travel to endemic regions.  Although most people exposed to this bacterium do not develop disease, those who have diabetes or alcoholism are most likely to develop Whitmore’s disease, which is fatal in 20-50% of cases even with treatment.                        is the cause of Whitmore’s disease.

You have a patient of Mediterranean descent/ancestry (eg., Greek, Italian) who plans to go to a malarial area.  Would you want additional information before prescribing chloroquine as a prophylactic to keep the patient from contracting malaria?

Five-carbon sugars, such as ribose, are made by metabolizing glucose through the

Recently, an outbreak of                      lead to extensive recall of powdered infant formula produced by Abbott Labs.  This lead to nationwide shortage of infant formula.

The structural genes in an inducible operon (eg., the lactose operon) are                .